Kupisa kwema2000 kwadzoka. Uye pamwe chete nazvo, chimwe chezviratidzo zvine simba kwazvo zvemakore gumi iwayo: matattoo emadzinzaKwemakore akawanda zvaionekwa sezvisina kunaka, sekuti zvapera, zvadzoka zvakanyanya muma studio ekutora mifananidzo uye, pamusoro pezvose, pama profiles ane simba kwazvo pasocial media. Iyi shanduko itsva yemadzinza haisi kopi chete yezvaifarirwa muma2000s: yakasangana nemasitayera emazuva ano, nzira dzakanatswa, uye kubatana kwakanyatsojeka nemidzi yayo yetsika.
Muchirevo chechinyorwa ichi che Kuvandudzwa kweY2K uye kusimba kwerunakoMatattoo emadzinza ave rudzi rwebhiriji pakati petsika nemazuva ano. Tinoaona akabatanidzwa nezvinhu zvekugadzira mifananidzo yemazuva ano, zvichipesvedzera mafashoni, mapikicha, uye, zvechokwadi, mutauro unoonekwa wekunyora tattoo yemazuva ano. Seri kwemitsara mitema iyoyo yakakora uye mapatani ekunyengera kune nhoroondo yekare inotangira pamitambo mitsvene kusvika kuhunyanzvi hwemuviri hwemazuva ano huri kubudirira mumaguta pasi rose.
Kubva patsika dzemadzitateguru kusvika paganda remazuva ano: nhoroondo pfupi yekunyora matattoo
Patinotaura nezvematattoo, hatisi kutaura nezvekushongedza muviri zviri nyore, asi nezve tsika yekare Zvichienderana nekuzivikanwa, kurwadziwa, uye kurangarira, izwi iri rakatangira mumitauro yePolynesia: mumitauro yakati wandei yedunhu iri, "ta" ine chekuita ne "kurova" kana "kumaka," zvichikonzera "tatau" yechiTahiti, iyo inotsanangura chiito chekunyora dhizaini paganda. Izwi rechiSpanish "tatuaje" (tattoo) rinobva pashoko iri.
Humbowo hwepakutanga hwematattoo ekare hwakawanikwa mu amai vekare vekuIjipitauko kupenda muviri kwaishanda zvakanyanya kupfuura kungoshongedza chete. Asi kwaisava tsika yenzvimbo imwe chete: vanhu vakawanda vakasiya zviratidzo zvematattoo zvine revo yechitendero, magariro evanhu, kana yemashiripiti.
Mumazana emakore, maonero ematattoos akachinja. kuchinja kukuru zvichienderana nenzvimbo nenguvaSemuenzaniso, muGirisi yekare neRoma, dzimwe nguva mavara eganda aishandiswa kuratidza varanda, vasungwa, kana vateveri vemamwe mapoka ezvitendero, chimwe chinhu chaipesana zvakananga nepfungwa yemazuva ano yematattoo sechiratidzo chemunhu uye cheunyanzvi.
MuJapan, nyaya yacho inotosiyana-siyana: mune dzimwe nguva, matattoo aishanda se chiratidzo chemamiriro ezvinhu kana chiratidzo chekuva werudzi kune mamwe mapoka kana mapoka ezvitendero, nepo munguva pfupi yapfuura vave vachibatanidzwa nemasangano ematsotsi, kunyanya Yakuza, iyo yakashandisa sekodhi yemukati kuburikidza nemapatani akaomarara anoonekwa zviri nyore pakati penhengo dzayo.
Chimwe chinhu chakafanana chakaitika ne Mafia eRussia, vafambisi vechikepe, kana vagari vemujeri Munyika dzakasiyana-siyana, matattoo aishanda sezviratidzo zvehupenyu hwevanhu, zvehutongi, kana zvemhosva. Zvisinei, rusarura rwevanhu rwaiperekedzwa nematattoo kwemakumi emakore rwave kupera. Nhasi, matattoo anowanzoonekwa senzira yekuratidza manzwiro ako uye hunyanzvi hwemazuva ano, uye kutaura chokwadi, zvava kujairika kuwana vechidiki vasina kana chikamu cheganda ravo chakaiswa matattoo.
Chii chatinonzwisisa nhasi nematattoo emadzinza?
Patinotaura nezvematattoo emadzinza nhasi, hatisi kungotaura nezvemagadzirirwo evanhu veko, asi nezve maitiro ehunyanzvi akabatanidzwa anobva pamidzi iyoyo uye yashanduka kuburikidza nekunyora tattoo kwemazuva ano. Izwi rekuti "dzinza" rave izwi rinobatanidza zviratidzo zvemadzinza, mafambiro emweya, uye mapatani emifananidzo kubva pasi rese, zvichitsanangurwa patsva pasi perunako rwakasiyana.
Chinhu chinonyanya kuzivikanwa chemaitiro aya kushandiswa kwe mitsetse mitema yakakora, makombama, uye maumbirwo akafananaMitsetse iyi inobatana kuti igadzire maumbirwo ane simba uye anoyevedza. Ingi inowanzova nhema chaiyo, isina mumvuri mudiki, zvichikonzera matattoo ane simba guru rekuona uye musiyano wakajeka paganda.
Pakati pezvinhu zvinodzokororwa zvatinowana magirafu, mifananidzo yemhuka dzetotemicMasiki emhando yepamusoroMapatani ejometri uye kuratidzwa kwemasimba echisikigo akadai sezuva, mwedzi, kana mafungu egungwa zvakajairika. Mumagadzirirwo akabatana zvakanyanya netsika, kurovera kwega kwega kuzere nerevo uye kwakabatanidzwa muhurongwa hwekufananidzira hwakanyatsojeka hunogona kunzwisiswa zvizere chete mukati menharaunda yakahugadzira.
Mutsika dzakakurumbira dziripo iye zvino, vanhu vazhinji vanosarudza magadzirirwo emadzinza nekuda kwezvikonzero zvekunaka. Kunyangwe zvakadaro, kunyangwe chinangwa chikuru chiri chekuti "chitaridzike zvakanaka," zvakakosha kuyeuka kuti magadzirirwo aya vagari venhaka yemitauro yekuona yemadzitateguru Zviratidzo izvi zvaishandiswa kurondedzera nyaya, kuratidza matanho ehupenyu, kana kusimbisa kuva muboka. Kupfeka tattoo yedzinza, neimwe nzira, kuisa chidimbu chenyaya idzodzo paganda rako.
Ndosaka vaimbi vakawanda nema studio ekutora tattoo vachikurudzira kushandisa nzira iyi ne... kuremekedza tsika nepfungwa dzekuda kuzivaDzidza nezvenhoroondo yezviratidzo izvi, tsika dzipi dzakazvigadzira, uye basa razvakaita pakutanga mumaonero avo enyika. Kunzwisisa kwazvakabva hakurambidzi kududzirwa patsva, asi kunobatsira kudzivirira kushandiswa zvisina basa kana kushandiswa zvisina hanya.
Kwakatangira tsika uye zvinoreva zvakadzama matattoo emadzinza
Matattoo emadzinza ane midzi yawo munzvimbo dzakasiyana dzepasi, asi kune dzimwe tsika dzinofungidzirwa simbi huru mukukura kwemaitiro ayaChiPolynesia, chiMaori, chiSamoa, tsika dzakasiyana-siyana dzechiPhilippines, uye dzakasiyana-siyana dze Vanhu vemuAfricaPakati pezvimwe. Mune zvese, kutora tattoo kwaive (uye muzviitiko zvakawanda kuchiri) tsika yakakomba zvikuru, yakabatana nekunamata uye kurongeka kwevanhu.
Munzvimbo zhinji dzemuOceanic, kunyora matattoo kwaive chikamu che mhemberero dzemweya netsika dzekupfuuraZvairatidza kuchinja kubva pakukura kuenda pakuva munhu mukuru, kuzivikanwa kwemurwi, kuchinja chinzvimbo, kana kutove nhengo yedzinza rakati. Kunyora tattoo kwaisangova kungova runako chete, asi kwaingova nguva yekufananidzira kwakadzama uye yemanzwiro, kusanganisira kurwadziwa kwemuviri nekutsungirira.
Panyaya yevaMaori vekuNew Zealand, vaMaori vakakurumbira Moko chiso Uyu muenzaniso wakajeka. Rudzi urwu rwetattoo, runogona kufukidza chikamu chikuru chechiso, haruna kugadzirwa zvisina tsarukano: mutsetse wega wega, denderedzwa rega rega, nenzvimbo yega yega isina chinhu zvaitaura nezvedzinza remunhu, ushingi hwake, nhoroondo yemhuri yake, uye nzvimbo yake mukati medzinza. Kutsungirira nguva yakareba uye inorwadza kwakaratidza ushingi nekuzvipira kunharaunda.
MuSamoa, matattoo echinyakare akadai se "pe'a" yevarume uye "malu" yevakadzi Zvakaitwa uchishandisa nzira dzemaoko dzaigona kugara kwemazuva kana mavhiki. Matattoo aya, anofukidza nzvimbo dzakakura dzemuviri, ndiwo mamepu chaiwo ekuzivikanwa: anoratidza hukama nevanhu, nemadzitateguru, uye nemararamiro eSamoa.
Pazvitsuwa zvakawanda muPhilippines, varwi vekare vakagamuchira matattoo akadai se mubayiro mushure mekukunda muhondoChimiro chitsva chega chega chairatidza kunaka, kubudirira, kana hondo dzakakundwa, zvichishandura muviri kuita chinyorwa chehupenyu hwemunhu. Chimwe chinhu chakafanana chakaitika mune dzimwe tsika dzemuAfrica, uko mavara paganda aigona kuratidza dzinza, zera, kana tsika dzekupedza kuroora kana kuroorwa.
Kunyangwe tsika imwe neimwe iine kodhi yayo, dzose dzinobvumirana pakunzwisisa matattoo emadzinza se mutauro wekuzivikanwa, wemweya uye wenyayaHazvisi zvekushongedza chete: inyaya dzakanyorwa paganda dzinobatanidza munhu nekwaakabva, nharaunda yake, uye zvaanotenda. Saka, kunyangwe munyika yanhasi yemafashoni akabatana, zvakakosha kuti tisakanganwe zvakadzama izvozvo.
Kushanduka kwedzinza kuita chiratidzo chemazuva ano
Kukura kuri kuita matattoo emadzinza hakuna kungoerekana kwaitika: imhaka ye Makumi emakore ekududzirwa patsva, kusanganiswa, uye hurukuro pakati petsika nemazuva anoMumakore ekuma90 uye kunyanya kuma2000, matattoo emadzinza akapararira kuMadokero nemaitiro akagadzirwa zvakanaka, akagadzirirwa kuratidza tsandanyama, mapfudzi, musana wepazasi, kana maoko ane mabhandi makuru matema ine makombama akapinza.
Panguva iyoyo, akawanda ematattoo iwayo aingofanana nechepasi netsika dzavo dzepakutanga. zvigadzirwa zvemafashoni, zvine chekuita netsika dzepop uye mukurumbiraizvo zvaidzokororwa kakawanda mumakatalogu estudio. Izvi zvakaita kuti, nekufamba kwenguva, vamwe veruzhinji vatange kuona dzinza sechinhu "chisina nguva," chisiri chepakutanga, kana chakabatana nenguva chaiyo yerunako.
Zvisinei, kwaivewo nevanyori vemifananidzo vakatora basa iri zvakakomba zvikuru Kuongorora midzi yeunyanzvi hwemadzinza uye kuhusimudzira kusvika padanho reunyanzvi.Rimwe remazita anonyanya kutaurwa nderekuti Leo Zulueta, anoonekwa semumwe wevanhu vakatangira hunyanzvi hwemazuva ano hwemadzinza. Basa rake rakakosha pakubatana zvakare netsika dzePolynesia, Maori, nePhilippines, achidudzira patsva maitiro iwayo nenzira yemazuva ano uye ine ruremekedzo.
Nhasi, rudzi rwemadzinza rwatora danho repamusoro: harichaonekwi se "chishongo" chete asi se munda wekuyedza mifananidzo uye yekufananidziraTinowana zvidimbu zvakavakirwa pamifananidzo yakaita seMaori tortoise, Celtic triskelion, muchinjikwa wakaoma kunzwisisa, kana zviratidzo zvePolynesia zvakaita se "etua" kana "enata," zvinotsanangurwa patsva kuti zvibatane nemuviri wemazuva ano. Dhizaini yega yega inogona kusanganisa tsika nezvinhu zve geometry tsvene, minimalism, abstract structure, kana kunyange pesvedzero kubva kuhunyanzvi hwedhijitari.
Mugumisiro wacho dhizaini yedzinza inoshanda se chiratidzo chenguva ino yakasanganiswaInoremekedza nhaka yayo yetsika, asi inoshinga kuisanganisa nepfungwa itsva dzerunako, ichitamba nemakero makuru, nziyo dzinofukidza muviri wese, kana kubatanidzwa nedzimwe nzira (dotwork, blackwork, mitsetse midiki, nezvimwewo). Mumamiriro ezvinhu aya, kusarudza muimbi wematattoo akakodzera uye nzira yekufunga nezvechinhu chacho zvinoita mutsauko mukuru.
Kufarirwa kwemhando itsva iyi yemadzinza kunoratidzwa nekuti kune vaimbi vane hunyanzvi pasi rese, vane mazita akawanda ekumirira. Mazita akadai seaya: Amber Muse kana Daria Sharova Vanowanzotaurwa nezvavo pavanenge vachitaura nezvevanhu vane hunyanzvi hwemazuva ano hwemadzinza, nekuda kwekugona kwavo kusanganisa tsvakurudzo yetsika nemutauro wemifananidzo chaiwo.
Vanyori nezviitiko: kubva kumastudio emunharaunda kusvika kumifananidzo yepasi rose
Kumuka kwemadzinza kunosimudzirwa ne network yepasi rose yevanoita matattoo vanopa maonero avo munharaunda kune chimiro chine midzi yakafanana. Nhasi zviri nyore kuwana maakaundi epa Instagram kana maportfolio epa online evanyori vanoshanda chete nematattoo emadzinza uye akasiyana-siyana emabasa matema, vachigadzira zvidimbu zvikuru uye zvakaoma kunzwisisa.
Semuenzaniso, muUnited States, kune zvidzidzo munzvimbo dzakadai se Michigan, musha wevanoita ma tattoo vakaita saJulian Bast Vanoongorora maitiro emazuva ano, makuru edzinza anowanzo fukidza maoko, chipfuva, kana kutoti muviri wese. Magadzirirwo avo anobatanidza makomba echinyakare nekugadzirwa kwejometri kwakanyatsoyerwa kunoenderana zvakakwana nemuviri uye dzimwe nguva kufukidza shure.
MuJapan, vaimbi vanoda Taku Oshima Vakabatanidza neunyanzvi mifananidzo yechiJapan nepfungwa dzePolynesia neMaori, vachigadzira matattoo anoratidza kuremekedza tsika uye hunyanzvi hwematattoo echiJapan. Izvi zvakaita kuti zvive zvinhu zvemunhu mumwe chete izvo zvave muenzaniso kune vanofarira pasi rese.
Maguta ekuEurope akaita seBerlin azvisimbisa seechokwadi marabhoritari emadzinza emazuva anoIkoko, vanyori vemifananidzo vakaita saGian Luca Matera vanogadzira mapurojekiti makuru, vachiwanzogadzira chikamu chedhizaini zvakananga pamuviri wemutengi, izvo zvinogadzira hurukuro inonakidza pakati pemagadzirirwo emuviri, kufamba, uye maitiro.
MuSpain, chiitiko ichi chiri kubudirirawo: munzvimbo dzakadai seSeville tinowana vanonyora matattoo vakaita se JLR, avo vane nzira yavo yakasiyana Maitiro erudzi anosefetwa kuburikidza netsika uye ruzivo rwemunhu. Nenzira iyi, maitiro acho anoramba achikura uye achichinja, achienderana neguta rega rega, vateereri vega vega, uye manzwiro enyanzvi yega yega.
Pamwe chete nevanoita matattoo vanotarisa patsono, kunewo vagadziri vane zvinoreva matattoo emadzinza kuburikidza nemamwe mafomati. Semuenzaniso, vamwe vanogadzira matattoo, vakaita se Henry GalarzaVanogovana muvhidhiyo nhoroondo uye zviratidzo zvemagadzirirwo aya, vanoratidza maitiro ekugadzira tattoo yedzinza, uye vanotsanangura masarudzo ezvinhu zvinoenderana nehunhu hwemunhu ari kutorwa tattoo.
Rudzi urwu rwezvinyorwa runobatsira veruzhinji kunzwisisa zviri nani kuti dhizaini yedzinza haisi dhizaini yakatsetseka yakatorwa kubva pakatalogu, asi mutauro unoonekwa umo chiratidzo chega chega nemutsetse wega wega zvinorondedzera nyayaNekuda kwebasa iri rekudzidzisa, vanhu vakawanda vanokurudzirwa kuongorora tsika dziri shure kwezvavanoda kuti zvioreswe uye kutsvaga vaimbi vasingangoiti basa racho zvakanaka chete, asiwo vanoremekedza tsika dzaro.
Mafambiro emazuva ano: pakati pekurangarira zvinhu zvekare zveY2K nekuremekedza tsika
Kudzoka kwemapatani emadzinza kunonzwisiswa zviri nani kana kuiswa pamwe chete nemamwe mafambiro ekare ema2000Kubva pafashoni yeY2K kusvika pakudzoreredza runako rwepamusoro, nerunako rwakanaka, zvishongedzo zvinobata maziso, uye kumbundirana kwemabhandi emadzinza "akawandisa," uye matattoo matema makuru anokodzera zvakakwana mumamiriro ezvinhu aya sechiratidzo chine simba chinoonekwa.
Zvisinei, kusiyana nezvakaitika pakutanga, maitiro emadzinza emazuva ano anowanzova akawanda zvakagadzirwa nokungwarira uye zvakafungwa zvakanakaPane kudzokorora tattoo yeruoko inozivikanwa ye "catalog tribal", vanhu vazhinji vari kutsvaga zvidimbu zvakasiyana, zvakagadziriswa kuti zvienderane nemuviri uye zvine musoro unogutsurira kune zvinoreva zvepakutanga zvezviratidzo zvavanoshandisa.
Pasocial media, zvakajairika kuona maitiro emadzinza achisanganiswa ne mamwe maitiro etattoo emazuva anoKubva pakugadzira zvinhu zvidiki kusvika pakugadzira zvinhu zvakaoma, kusanganisira kubatanidzwa nemavara kana zvinhu zvekufananidzira. Izvi zvakaguma ne mahybrid ane simba kwazvo dzinoramba dzakasimba sedema asi dzichiunza hunhu hwadzo hwemunhu.
Panguva imwe chete, kusawirirana kunoramba kuripo pakati pe kugadzwa kwetsika uye kurudziro ine ruremekedzoVanyori vazhinji vanosimbisa kukosha kwekusanyatsotevedzera matattoo echinyakare ayo, mutsika dzavo dzekwavakabva, ane chekuita nemadzinza chaiwo, zvinzvimbo, kana tsika dzechitendero. Pane kudaro, vanopa mazano ekushandurazve zvakasununguka, akafuridzirwa nerunako asi pasina kushandisa zvarinoreva zvakajeka.
Imwe nzira yakajeka ndeye fomati hombe uye mimhanzi yeorganicHazvichave zvekungoita dhizaini diki yerudzi paruoko kana pasi pemusana, asi ndezvemaoko akazara, dumbu, uye misana zvinova machira chaiwo erudzi. Maitiro aya anoda kuronga kwakawanda uye misangano yakawanda, asi mhedzisiro yacho ibasa rakabatana rinobata tsandanyama dzese nemakumbo emuviri.
Kufarira kunzwisisa maitiro ehunyanzvi ari shure kwetattoo yedzinzaKubva pazvishandiso zvechinyakare zvedzimwe tsika (izvo zvichiri kushandiswa mune dzimwe nzvimbo dzemhemberero) kusvika kumichina yemazuva ano uye matekiniki emumvuri nekuzadza anobvumira mitsetse mitema kuve nekupedzisa kwakachena, kwakasimba uye kwakasimba.
Kufamba uku kwese kunoita kuti matattoo emadzinza nhasi apfuure kungova maitiro akagadziridzwa: imhando ye kududzirwa patsva kwenhaka yekuona yemakore chiuru, yakasefetwa kuburikidza nepfungwa dziripo iye zvino, kudyidzana kwenyika dzepasi rose kwemifananidzo yetattoo uye mukana wakakura wekuwana ruzivo nezvenhoroondo yayo uye zviratidzo zvayo.
Munzvimbo iyi yakapfuma, chero ani zvake ari kufunga nezvekuiswa tattoo yedzinza ane mikana yakawanda: kubva pamagadzirirwo akabatana netsika chaiyo, nekutsvaga kwakakura kare, kusvika kune mazano akasununguka anoshandisa mutauro wemavara matema uye akapinza se chishandiso chakachena cherunako uye kutaura kwemuviriChero zvazvingava, kunzwisisa kwazvinobva kunobatsira kukoshesa zvakanyanya zvawakaisa paganda rako nekusingaperi.
