Kana uri kufunga kutanga japanese manga Uye kana uchida kuti ruoko rwako ruve bindu reinki, uri mumunda une tsika refu kwazvo. Horimono yechinyakare yechiJapanMaruva haasi kungogutsa chete: anotaura nezvehunhu hwako, zvishuwo zvako, uye maonero ako pahupenyu. Uye hongu, zvinogoneka kusanganisa maruva akati wandei, akadai semapeoni nemaruva echerry, chero bedzi uchiremekedza pfungwa dzekufananidzira uye runako rwemagadzirirwo acho.
Nyika ye maruva mumatattoo echiJapan Zvinopfuura maruva echerry nemapeonies. Mipaini isingaperi, miti yemapuramu inotumbuka muchando, bamboo inokotama isingatyoki, wisteria, hydrangeas, imperial chrysanthemums, red maples, passionate camellias, lotuses, uye kunyange kubatanidzwa kwemimhanzi senge Sho Chiku Bai ine mukurumbira… Chirimwa ichi chose chinobatana nemadhiragoni, koi carp, oni, geishas, yokai, uye vamwari vechiBuddha mu irezumi yechinyakare.
Maruva nemiti mumatattoo echiJapan: mutauro wakavanzika paganda
MuJapan mune chokwadi mazwi ekufananidzira emiti Maitiro aya anodzokororwa mu kimono, ceramics, sliding doors, washi paper… uye, hongu, mu tattoos. Hazvisi zvekushongedza zvisina tsarukano: mhando imwe neimwe inotaura nezvemwaka chaiwo, hunhu, kana chishuvo chehupenyu.
Muchirevo che horimono kana waboriMagadzirirwo aya anoshandiswa nenzira imwecheteyo semuhunyanzvi hwechinyakare: kutumira mashoko asina kujeka nezveushingi, hupenyu hurefu, rudo, kushinga, kana hunhu hwakanaka. Mugadziri wematattoo haango "wedzere maruva" chete, asi panzvimbo pezvo kuvaka chimiro chepasi rose ine mafungu, mhepo, makore nemashizha anofukidza muviri sekunge inki ye kimono.
Mumagadzirirwo emuviri wese kana kuti maoko ese, maruva anoshandawo zvakajeka pakuona: Vanodzikamisa hutsinye Madhiragoni, matiger, shishi, kana kuti oni zvinopfavisa kuchinjana kwevatambi nekwavanobva, uye zvinobatsira kuratidza mutinhimira nenzvimbo mukati memufananidzo. Ndosaka zvakajairika kuona mapeoni ari padivi peshumba dzinorinda kana sakura dzichiyangarara dzakatenderedza samurai kana chifukidzo cheHannya.
Chimwe chinhu chakakosha ndechekuti mwaka unoenderana nei. Classic irezumi inowanzo sanganiswa zvinhu zvechiteshi (maruva, mashizha, zviitiko zvechisikigo) nezvisikwa nevamwari. Izvi zvinoisa chiitiko mu "nguva yekufananidzira": chitubu chekuzvarwa patsva, matsutso ekusuruvara, chando chekuedzwa ... zvese izvi zvinoverengwa mumaruva aunosarudza.
Sakura nepeony: madzimambo maviri… uye maitiro ekuvasanganisa
Ruva recherry, kana kuti SakuraYava chinhu chinodiwa kuJapan. Inotumbuka zvakanyanya uye inogara kwemavhiki mashoma chete; ndosaka ichifananidzira runako rwenguva pfupi, hunhu hwenguva hupfupi, uye kuziva rufuInokosheswa zvikuru nemasamurai, maBuddha, uye vanhu vekuJapan sechiyeuchidzo chekuti zvese ndezvenguva pfupi.
Muchirimo, nyika yese inoisa pfungwa dzayo pa hanamiMhemberero yekuona maruva echerry. Mhuri, shamwari, nevakaroorana vanoungana pasi pemiti, vanouya nemabhokisi akanaka ebento, uye vanozvibvumira kuputirwa ne "madutu echando emaruva" chaiwo, semadanirwo aanoitwa nevaJapan. hanafubukiMusanganiswa iwoyo wemufaro nekusuruvara ndizvo chaizvo zvinosanganiswa netattoo yakanaka yesakura.
Peony, botanRuva racho, iro riri "Mambo weMaruva." Rine midzi yechiChinese: kwemazana emakore vanhu vepamusoro chete namambo ndivo vaigona kurishandisa semufananidzo wekushongedza. Saka, mu irezumi rinomiririra Pfuma, kukudzwa, rombo rakanaka, ushingi, uye kuda njodziNdiwo ruva reavo vasingatyi kutora njodzi huru kuti vawane mhedzisiro yakanaka.
Mapeonies anowanzo sanganiswa ne shishi o komainu (Shumba dzinorinda / imbwa dzeshumba) dzakagadzirwa nemufananidzo unonzi Karajishi. Kukasharara kwemhuka iyi kunoenzaniswa nekufara kwemaruva, zvichigadzira ushingi hwakanyanya, simba rinoziva kuzvidzora.
Sezvo mapeonies achitumbukawo muchirimo, zvakajairika kuona achisanganiswa ne Cherry inotumbuka pamaoko akazara kana kumashure. Musanganiswa wesakura nebotan unoshanda zvakanaka padanho rekarenda (mwaka mumwe chete) uye padanho rekufananidzira: hupenyu hunogara kwenguva pfupi pamwe chete nezvinangwa nekubudirira, kutapira kwekuziva kuti zvese zvinopera nekutsunga kushandisa nguva zvakanyanya.
Mhiri kwesakura: miti yeplum, wisteria nehydrangeas
Kana uchida kusiya tsika dzechinyakare dzecherry/peony usingarasikirwe nepfungwa huru ye echinyakare chiJapan tattooKune maruva akati wandei anokodzera zvakakwana paruoko uye anovhura dzimwe dudziro dzine simba kwazvo.
El Puramu kana ume yechiJapan Inotumbuka mukupera kwechando, kunyangwe sinou ichiri pamatavi. Ndosaka ichinzi ine zvinoreva zvakaita sekuti kushinga, hutano hwakanaka uye simba mukutarisana nematambudzikoKare, ndiro raiva ruva rekutanga kuoneka pakati pe Hanami, sakura isati yatora nzvimbo huru.
Miti yemapurumu inowanzosimwa kumativi ose temberi nenzvimbo dzinoera sedziviriro kubva kune zvakaipa uye sechishongo cherombo rakanaka. Mumakimono nepamabhuku ekushandisa, ruva reume rinobatanidzwawo ne kukura uye rugare, uye muunyanzvi inowanzoonekwa ichiperekedzwa neshiri inonzi uguisu.
Wisteria, inozivikanwa se fujiDzinoumba maruva ane mitsetse yakaita seyero, yepingi, chena, kana yero. Imiti inogara kwenguva refu, saka dzinobatanidzwa nemaruva aya. hurefu uye runako runogara kwenguva refuDzinotumbuka pakupera kwaKubvumbi nekutanga kwaChivabvu, zvichivhura karenda yemaruva ezhizha.
Paganda, anoshanda zvakanaka sema "backgrounds" anorembera pamusoro pemifananidzo mikuru kana semufananidzo wepakati kune avo vanoda tattoo yemaruva isingawanzoitiki sesakura. Uyezve, muJapan anoshandiswa mu kamon kana kuti crests dzemhuri, izvo zvinovabatanidza nepfungwa yedzinza.
MaHydrangea anosvika muna Chikumi. ajisai, yakabatana nemwaka wemvura (tsuyu). MuchiJapan, zita ravo rinodudzirwa se "ruva rezuva repepuru" uye vanobatanidzwa ne Rudo rwemwoyo murefu, manzwiro echokwadi, uye kuongakunyanya kana dziri dzebhuruu. Ruvara runochinja zvichienderana ne pH yevhu, saka mubindu rimwe chete unogona kuona mavara akasiyana-siyana.
Mumagadzirirwo emachira nemapepa, mahydrangeas anobatanidzwa ne ruregerero nekunzwisisaSaka, mu tattoo dzinogona kushanda sechiratidzo chekuyananisa, chematanho akaoma ekukundwa, kana chehunhu hune tsitsi.
Magadzirirwo emiti asiri "maruva chete": mapaini, bamboo uye musanganiswa wekare
Mukati memhando yemiti yeJapan, haisi maruva ese. Zvinhu zvakaita semupaini kana mushenje zvinoonekwa nguva dzose mukushongedza kwechinyakare uye kwemazuva ano. style yekare irezumiuye izvozvo zvinogona kupa ruoko rwako chirevo chakadzama.
Muti wepaini, matsuNdiwo "mupaini usingaperi" unozivikanwa. Haumborasi mashizha awo, unotsungirira nguva yechando usingachinje ruvara, uye unogona kurarama kwemazana emakore. Ndosaka uchifananidzira hurefu, kutsunga, uye kutenda kusingazunungukiZvakajairika pamakimono evana uye pamasuo anotsvedza (fusuma) edzimba dzechivanhu, kushuvira hupenyu hurefu kune avo vanogara madziri.
PaZuva reGore Idzva, zvishongo zvinonzi kadomatsuYakagadzirwa nemapazi emupaini nematanda emushenjere, inofungidzirwa kuti inounza budiriro nerombo rakanaka mubhizinesi nemumhuri. Musanganiswa uyu wemupaini-mushenjere-plum ndiwo hwaro hwemufananidzo weSho Chiku Bai unozivikanwa, unowanikwa muzvigadzirwa zvesimbi nemachira.
Bamboo, toraNdiwo mumwe muti une huremu hwakanyanya. Midzi yawo inoumba network yakasimba zvekuti vanhu vaiudzwa kuti vatize kusango remushenje kana pakaitika kudengenyeka kwenyika, nekuti ivhu riripo rinoramba rakagadzikana. kubatana zvakanyanya uye kugadzikanaChiratidzo chekubudirira, kuchena, kusava nemhosva, uye kushinga.
Vanhu vekuJapan vanoyemura mushenjere nekuda kwe kuchinjika uye kugona kukotama pasina kutyokaKukura kwayo nekukurumidza uye nyore, isina zvishongo zvisingadiwi, zvinoita kuti ive sarudzo yakakurumbira. Muhupenyu hwezuva nezuva, inoshandiswa pazvinhu zvese: midziyo yekubikira, zvishandiso zvepatii, mabhasikiti, zvombo, ndiro dzekushongedza… Saka, kuva netattoo yebamboo kunoratidza munhu anoshanda, anochinjika, uye ane simba remukati rakanyarara.
Chikonzero Sho Chiku Bai Inosanganisa mupaini, plum, uye mushenje, inozivikanwa se "shamwari nhatu dzechando." Mupaini nemushenje zvinoramba zvakasvibira gore rese, uye mushenje uri pakati pekutanga kutumbuka. Pamwe chete, zvinoratidza hurefu (matsu), kuchena uye kukunda matambudziko (ume), uye simba rekutsungirira (take). Mu tattoo, inogona kufukidza kumashure kwese, forearm panel, kana kusanganiswa nevatambi vakaita saKintarō kana koi carp.
Maruva eChrysanthemum, marotusi, nemamwe maruva azere nezviratidzo
Kana tikawedzera kutarisisa kwedu kune mamwe maruva akajairika mu horimono yekareTinowana mifananidzo isingachatauri nezvemwaka chete, asiwo nezvechinzvimbo munharaunda, zvekunamata uye kunyange kubatana neimba yeumambo.
Chrysanthemum, kikuInomiririra hupenyu hurefu, kudzorerwa kwehudiki, uye humambo. Iruva remwaka wechando, goho, uye rudo rwakanaka. Rinoonekwa pazvinhu zvakasiyana-siyana: makimono, maobi, porcelain, zvishongedzo, uye kunyange pamari ye50-yen. Ndiwo zvakare chiratidzo chemhuri yehumamboChrysanthemum yegoridhe ine maruva gumi nematanhatu inoshongedza chigaro uye inoonekwa papasipoti yekuJapan.
Makrisheti matsvuku anopiwa kuvanhu vanodiwa uye vanoremekedzwa, saka mu tattoo vanogona kumiririra rukudzo, ruremekedzo uye rudo rwakadzamaKazhinji dzinoshandiswa sechishongo chakanaka pamusoro pevanhu kana vamwari vane mukurumbira vakaita saFudō Myōō.
Ruva relotus, suirenInonyanya kusanganiswa neBuddhism. Inozvarwa mumvura ine rima asi inobuda yakachena uye yakanaka, nokudaro ichiratidza kuchena, hunhu hwakanaka, kurongeka kwemukati, uye kugona kukwira pamusoro pematope.Kana ichimiririrwa nebhuruu, pfungwa dzekuzvininipisa nekuchena dzinosimbiswa.
Mutsika dzechiBuddha, zvinotendwa kuti lotus yakatumbuka pazuva rechisere remwedzi wechina, zuva rine chekuita nekuzvarwa kwaBuddha. Nokudaro, vazhinji Matattoo emweya ekuJapan Fudō Myōō, Kannon kana kuti macrane anosanganisira ma lotus ari pasi kana sema mandala ekumashure.
Rimwe ruva rine chirevo chinoshamisa chekufananidzira iCamellia, Tsubaki, inonziwo "Rose of Japan". Yakabatana ne runako, rudo uye kukwezvaKana yaoma, hairasi maruva ayo zvishoma nezvishoma, asi ruva rese rinodonha kubva padzinde. Ndokusaka ichitsanangurwa sechiratidzo chekubatana kwerudo "kunyangwe kupfuura rufu," nemaruva emugungwa achimiririra murume uye maruva emukadzi.
Zvisinei, samurai aisada; kuona camellia yese ichidonha kwaiyeuchidza zvakanyanya nezve musoro wakachekwa nekatanaNdosaka richizivikanwa zvisina kunaka pakati pevarwi. Zvinofadza kuti, kambani yezvizoro inozivikanwa yeShiseido yagara ichishandisa camellia muchiratidzo chayo kubvira muna 1915, zvichiratidza kuti ruva iri rakadzika midzi sei mutsika dzechiJapan.
Maple matsvuku, mashizha ari kudonha, uye rimwe divi rekuchinja kwenguva
Kana ruva recherry riri mambokadzi wechirimo, mumatsutso maple matsvuku anotonga zvakanyanya. kade kana momijiPakutanga kwaGunyana, mashizha ayo anochinja kubva pagirini kuenda kumavara matsvuku, maranjisi, uye eyero izvo zvave chimwe chezviratidzo zvinonyanya kuzivikanwa zvemwaka wekudonha kwevhu muJapan.
Sezvinoita Hanami inopembererwa muchirimo, mwaka wechando ndiwo [zita rechiitiko harisipo]. momiji-garitsika yekubuda kunoyemura maple ane mavara. Zvitoro nedzimba zvakashongedzwa nematavi matsvuku, uye mashizha ane makona mashanu anozadza machira akadhindwa, bepa, uye zvechokwadi, irezumi designs.
Mumatattoo ekuJapan, mashizha emumaple anoratidza Kufamba kwenguva, kusuruvara, uye kuziva kuti zvese zvinozoguma zvapararaDzinowanzoonekwa dzichiyangarara padivi pekoi carp (nekuti dzinoshambira dzichikwira rwizi sezvo muti wemaple uchidonha mashizha awo) kana kuti dzinoperekedza mifananidzo yevarwi, oni, kana Hannya masks kusimbisa chikamu chakaoma kana shanduko yedenderedzwa.
Pakuona, dzinoshanda zvakanaka sezvinhu "zvinobhururuka" zvakatenderedza motif huru, zvichigadzira kufamba. Dzinopendwa neruvara rutsvuku, rweyero, kana rwegirini zvichienderana nemhedzisiro yaunoda, uye dzinobatsira mugadziri wematattoo kuratidza dhizaini yacho. nzira dzemhepo uye mimhanzi yekuona mukati mechidimbu.
Maruva neBestiary Irezumi: Madhiragoni, Koi, Shishi neKambani
Mutsika dzechinyakare dzehorimono, ruva harimboonekwi "riri roga" richiyangarara pasina chinhu. Rinowanzoonekwa riri muboka. mhuka chaiyo kana kuti yenganomwari kana gamba rengano. Musanganiswa iwoyo ndiwo unopedzisa meseji yetattoo.
Dhiragoni yekuJapan, ryūZvichida ndiyo mhuka inonyanya kuzivikanwa: chisikwa chekudenga nechemugungwa, chine musoro wengamera, mutsipa nedumbu renyoka, makwande ekoi, nzara dzeshiri inodya nyama, uye nyanga dzemhara. Inomiririra uchenjeri, simba, uye chikomboreroInodzora mamiriro ekunze uye inowanzova nenzara nhatu (kusiyana neminwe mina yedhiragoni yekuChina).
Shumba dzinorinda, komainu o karajishiVanoonekwa pamusuwo wetemberi dzechiShinto kuti vadzinge mweya yakaipa. Mumatattoo, vanowanzo perekedzwa nemapeoni, zvichigadzira hurukuro pakati hutsinye, dziviriro, uye hupfumiDzimwe nguva dzinoshandiswa dziri mbiri mbiri kuratidza Yin-Yang balance.
Phoenix yekuJapan, hō-ōPhoenix, yakabatana neimba yehumambo, inomiririra kuvimbika, kururamisira, moto unochenesa, uye kutanga kutsva. Inoratidzwa nemutsipa murefu, makwande enyoka, uye minhenga yemuswe yakaita seyepikoko. Kusiyana nePhoenix yekumadokero, haisi nguva dzose inoratidzwa ichitsva kana kubuda mumadota.
Dzimwe mhuka nezvisikwa zvinosangana nemaruva muIrezumi yekare zvinosanganisira nyoka yaRyūjin inonzi messenger snake, ingwe. Torah (mhare), crane tsuru (mufaro nehupenyu hurefu), gava remashiripiti kitsune, tanuki anosetsa, matatya ane rombo rakanaka, tsoko dzesaru, makaka eheikegani ane zviso zvesamurai kana hove dzengano dzakadai seNamazu, dzine chekuita nekudengenyeka kwenyika nekugoverwazve kwepfuma.
Kupfuura maruva: zvifukidzo, yokai nevamwari vanopedzisa chiitiko ichi
Kunyangwe tichitarisa pano pamusoro pezvirimwa, zvakakosha kunzwisisa kuti ruoko rwechiJapan "rwakatenderera" haruwanzogumira pamaruva: runogovana nzvimbo nemaruva zvifukidzo, midzimu nevamwari izvo zvinowedzera zvikamu zvekuverenga kwechinyorwa.
Masiki eHannya anomiririra vakadzi vakashanduka kuita madhimoni negodo uye kuda zvinhu zvakanyanya. Matattoo avo ane simba rekuona uye azere netsananguro pamusoro pe shungu dzerima, hasha, kurwadziwa kwepfungwa, uye dziviriroMavara acho anoratidza chinzvimbo munharaunda uye mwero wekuora kwehunhu: chena kune vanokudzwa, tsvuku kune vepasi, dema uye tsvuku yakasviba kune madhimoni akazara.
Noh neKabuki theatre zvinopawo nhetembo yakakura ye Masiki nekugadzira makeup (kumadori) zvinotapurirwa kuganda: magamba, vakuru vakachenjera, midzimu inotsiva (onryō), tsoko dzesaru, nezvimwewo. Chiso chaHyottoko chakakanganisika, semuenzaniso, chinoonekwa sechifukidziro cherombo rakanaka, chakabatana nemoto negoridhe zvinobuda nemashiripiti.
Vanamwari vechiBuddha nevechiShinto vanewo nzvimbo inokosha. Fudō Myōō, "mambo akachenjera asingazununguki," anoratidzwa nechiso chakatsamwa, mazino, nebakatwa, rakakomberedzwa nemirazvo yemoto, sechiratidzo che dziviriro, kutsunga uye kubviswa kwezvipingamupinyi zvakanyanyaKannon, Benzaiten, Tennin, Ni-ō… iyi yose pantheon yakaiswa pakati pemafungu, makore nemaruva, zvichiita kuti zviitiko zvive zvakazara nerevo.
Uye ipapo pane zvakasikwa zveyokai: tengu (madhimoni ane mhino refu), kappa (vagari venzizi vane njodzi), madandaude ejorogumo ane zviso zvevakadzi, maamburera ane mifananidzo (kasa-obake), ushi-oni wemumvura, zvipoko zveyūrei zvine bvudzi dema nemakimono machena… Mumagadzirirwo mazhinji, maruva anoshandiswa kusiyanisa chitarisiko chawo chinovhiringidza nekwakasiyana-siyana kwakanaka asi kwakanyarara.
Maruva, rudo uye mhiko zvakavezwa paganda
Munguva yeEdo kuJapan, kunyora matattoo kwaisangova nyaya yekurangwa kwemhosva kana kupandukira kwevashandi vemaoko nevadzimi vemoto. Kwaiva netsika yese yeizvi. mhiko dzerudo dzakanyorwa tattoo, kishobori, iyo inonyatsotaura zvakanaka nechiratidzo chemaruva.
El irebokoro Yaiva "kaburi kakaiswa": kadonhwe kadiki kakanyorwa paruoko rwemurume nemukadzi kusimbisa hukama hwepfungwa. Vanhu verudzi rweCourtesans munzvimbo dzemafaro vainyora mazita, mazwi akadai sekuti "hupenyu" (inochi) kana kuti "makore chiuru" (chiyo), uye mifananidzo midiki yemaruva sevimbiso yekuvimbika kumudiwa... kana senzira yekuona kuti mutengi aizodzoka.
Mu "nyika iyoyo inoyerera" yemabhaisikopo, dzimba dzetii, uye dzimba dzepfambi, hukama hwakawanda hwakabatana giri (basa rezvemagariro evanhu) uye ninjō (manzwiro echokwadi)Kunyora tattoo yezita remudiwa padivi peruva recherry, peony, kana camellia kwaive nzira yekuita kuti chibvumirano ichocho chive chinhu chisingadzimiki nyore nyore.
Mweya iwoyo unoramba uripo nanhasi kana mumwe munhu akasarudza kujoina Maruva ekuJapan ari mutattoo yemurume nemukadziKuyeuka nhengo yemhuri, kukudza nhanho chaiyo yehupenyu, kana vimbiso yekuchinja. Maruva, pamusoro pezvose, ndiwo mutsetse wakaoma kwazvo wemutauro weirezumi, asiwo ndeimwe yeanonyanya kusimba kana makodhi awo achinzwisiswa.
Kana tichitarisa tsika iyi yese, munhu anonzwisisa kuti sei ruoko rwakafukidzwa nemaruva erudzi rwechiJapan ruchigona kutaura zvakawanda pasina chikonzero chezvisikwa kana tsamba: kubva pakugamuchira hunhu hweupenyu hupfupi uye chishuwo chekurarama kwenguva refu, kusvika pakuda kubudirira, chido chekuchinjika kune chero kurohwa, kana sarudzo yekurarama mwaka wega wega zvakanyanya.
