ari Matattoo echiJapan emadhimoni nemadhimoni Zvinosanganisa ngano, chitendero, runako, uye chiratidzo chakasimba. Hazvisi zvekungodhirowa zvinoyevedza chete: shure kwechinhu chega chega, chifukidzo, kana chisikwa chengano kune mazana emakore enyaya, kutya, zvishuwo, uye makodhi erukudzo. Kana uri kufunga nezvekutora tattoo yedhiabhorosi wechiJapan kana kuti uchingonakidzwa nenyika ino, pano uchawana gwara rakazara rekukukurudzira uye kukubatsira kunzwisisa zvauri kupfeka paganda rako.
Mutsika dzechiJapan, madhimoni haasi chete mufananidzo weuipi hwakakwana. Anowanzo miririra masimba echisikigo, zvishuwo zvevanhu zvisingadzoreki, zvirango zvekarmic, kana varindi vanotyisaSaka, usati wapinda mutsono, zvakakodzera kuzvinyudza kumashure kwayo: uchaona kuti hazvina kufanana nekunyora tattoo pa oni, tengu kana Hannya mask seNamazu kana Kasa-obake.
Matattoo echiJapan nemadhimoni: midzi yetsika uye chiratidzo
Kunyora matattoo echinyakare echiJapan, kunozivikanwa se irezumiMidzi yayo iri mumitambo yekare, zvirango zvepachena, uye nyika yemweya. Mumazana emakore, hunyanzvi uhwu hwave huchitsigirwa ne Ngano dzechiShinto, chiBuddha, yokai, uye mitambo yemitambo yekarekusanganisira vamwari, zvikara, mhuka dzinoshamisa uye, zvechokwadi, marudzi ese emadhimoni.
Munguva yeEdo, kutema tattoo kwaishandiswa se chirango chevapari vemhosvaHuma dzavo kana maoko avo airatidzwa zviratidzo zvinoonekwa zvichienderana nemhosva yavakanga vapara. Gare gare, irezumi yakava hunyanzvi hwepachivande hwakabatana zvikuru ne yakuzauyo akanyora tattoo yemasutu makuru emuviri wake azere nemadhiragoni, oni, mamasiki uye vamwari vevarwi sechiratidzo chekuvimbika, ushingi uye kuramba kurwadziwa.
Nhasi uno, irezumi yave pasi rose uye mafungiro emadhimoni ave Zviratidzo zvine simba zvekupandukira, dziviriro, kurwa kwemukati, uye kufarira rimaKunyangwe zvakadaro, matattoo achiri nerusarura muJapan, kunyanya mu onsen, magym, kana madziva ekushambira, uko vanhu vane matattoo vanowanzorambidzwa kupinda.
Madhimoni makuru echiJapan mumatattoo: oni, tengu uye kambani
Oni: dhimoni rekare rengano dzechiJapan
ari ivo Angangove ndiwo madhimoni ekuJapan anozivikanwa zvikuru. Ane chitarisiko chemunhu, asi akawedzeredzwa: nyanga, mazino makuru, nzara, ganda rine ruvara rwakajeka (tsvuku, bhuruu, girini), chimiro chehasha, uye anowanzo shongedzwa ne kanabōMakushe makuru, ane tambo. Mungano dzechiJapan, zvisikwa zvegehena zvine chekuita ne zvirango, matambudziko, njodzi nemhirizhonga isingadzoreki.
Mukunyora ma tattoo echinyakare, pane tattoo Inowanikwa kakawanda kumusana, maoko kana makumbo, kunyanya muchadenga yakuzaInogona kufananidzira divi rakaipa remunhu akapfeka, chirango chezvivi, kutya kunokutambudza… asiwo kugona kutarisana nemadhimoni ako pachakoZvichienderana nekugadzirwa kwayo, inogona kushanda senyevero, kutyisidzira, kana sechishongo chekudzivirira.
Tengu: dhimoni rine mhino refu uye rudado
El tengu Ndiwo mumwe munhu anozivikanwa zvikuru. Pakutanga yairatidzwa seshiri inodya nyama, yakazopedzisira yava nechimiro chemunhu uye, kupfuura zvose, yakakurumbira mhino yakareba zvakanyanyaNdeyemhuri yeYokai uye dzimwe nguva inoonekwawo seOni. Mungano dzakawanda, tengu mweya unobatanidzwa ne hondo, kuparadza, kuzvikudza uye kuzvikudza.
Mumatattoo, anowanzo ratidzika akatsamwa zvikuru, ane huma dzakakora uye ganda dzvuku, pakati pamwari nedhimoni. Mask ake anoshandiswa mumitambo yeNoh nemitambo, uye akaiswa zvakananga mu irezumi style. Tattoo ye tengu inogona kureva udyire, kuzvikudza, uye njodzi yekurasikirwa nekudadaasiwo kune hunhu hwekurwa uye kubatana nenyika ye samurai ne martial arts.
Mamwe madhimoni nerima yokai anozivikanwa mu irezumi
Ngano dzechiJapan dzakazara neyokai, vazhinji vavo vane tsoka imwe mudhimoniMumatattoo, mamwe emagadzirirwo akajairika ndeaya:
- Ushi-oniChisikwa chinotyisa chine chimiro chemombe uye muviri unoyeuchidza dandemutande kana chimwe chisikwa chinoshamisa, chakabatana nemahombekombe nenzizi. Chinotsanangurwa se dhimoni remumvura rinodya vanhuTattoo yeUshi-oni inowanzo ratidza njodzi dzakavanda, zvinotyisa zvikuru, uye simba rekuparadza rezvisikwa.
- Kasa-obake: "amburera yemadhimoni" inozivikanwa, tsumogami (chinhu chinotanga kuoneka kana chasvika makore zana ekuberekwa). Chinowanzo ratidzwa seamburera ine ziso rimwe chete, rurimi rwayo rwuri kubuda, uye gumbo rimwe chete. Idhimoni rinosetsa uye risinganzwisisike, rinowanzoonekwa mumanga, mafirimu, nenyaya. Kuinyora tattoo inzira inonakidza yekuzviita. kuremekedza ngano dzeYokai uye hunhu hwekuJapan hunoshamisa.
- Jorogumo"Mukadzi wedandemutande." Idandemutande iro, kana rasvika zera rakati, rinowana masimba echisikigo uye kugona kushanduka kuita mukadzi anoyevedza zvikuru. Rinonyengera varume kuti vavabate mudandemutande raro uye kuti rivadye. Pamwero wekufananidzira, tattoo yeJorogumo inotamba ne Kunyengera kune njodzi, kunyengedzwa, uye dziviriro kubva mukutyisidzirwa (mune dzimwe ngano inoshandawo semuchengeti kubva kunjodzi dzemumvura).
Masks nemweya yekutsiva: Hannya, Onryo naYurei
Hannya mask: godo, obsession uye kutsamwa
Iyo mask Hannya Inobva kuNoh theatre uye inomiririra mukadzi akachinjwa kuita dhimoni ne godo, chigumbu, uye rudo rwakanyanyaPakuona, inoonekwa nenyanga dzayo, mazino ayo, uye maitiro ayo akakombama, pakati peruvengo nekutambura. Ndiyo imwe yemifananidzo yetattoo inozivikanwa zvikuru muunyanzvi hwese hwekuJapan.
Mukunyora tattoo, Hannya anogona kuoneka ari ega kana kusanganiswa muchikamu chikuru, pamwe chete nemaruva echerry, nyoka, kana samurai. Ruvara runokoshawo: Hannya Muchena Inobatanidzwa nemukadzi ane chinzvimbo chepamusoro; Red Hannya, kumukadzi wepamusoro-soro; uye mavara matema (tsvuku yakadzama kana dema) anomiririra kurasikirwa zvachose kwevanhuuko dhiabhorosi chete ndiye anoramba aripo. Inoshanda sechiyeuchidzo chezvinokonzereswa nemanzwiro asingadzorwi.
Onryo nedzimwe masiki eNoh theatre
Munyika yemasiki ekuJapan, kunewo ayo e OnryoMweya inotsiva inodzoka kubva kuhupenyu hwepashure perufu ichitungamirirwa neruvengo, kushushikana, kana kusaruramisira. Hannya ndiyo muenzaniso wakakurumbira, asi kune mamwe mamasiki echikadzi neechirume (Onna, Otoko, Jô, nezvimwewo) ane hunyanzvi hwakanyanya, hunomiririra magamba, varume vakuru vakachenjera, vakuru vakuru kana midzimu iri mukati.
Tattoo yemasiki yekuJapan inogona kutamba nerunako uye nezviratidzo: hunhu hwakavanzika, hune mativi maviri, kudzora manzwiro, mabasa atinoita muhupenyuMu irezumi yemazuva ano, mamasiki aya anowanzo shandiswa kusanganisa runako, zvakavanzika, uye imwe pfungwa yakaipa inodzorwa.
Yurei: mweya isina kugadzikana isingakwanise kuwana zororo
ari Yuri Iyi imidzimu iyo, nekuda kwezvikonzero zvakasiyana-siyana, isina kukwanisa kupfuudza hupenyu hune rugare mushure mekufa. Inowanzoonekwa muzviitiko zve kuzviuraya, kuponda, tsika dzemariro dzisina kuitwa zvakanaka, kana kuda kutsiva zvakanyanyaMumufananidzo, Yurei yekare inoratidzwa yakapfeka kimono chena, ine bvudzi dema refu, rakasakara, maoko akarembera, uye chimiro chakaora.
Mumatattoo, Yurei ane aura inonetsa uye haana kujairika semamwe madhimoni, nekuti kushushikana kwavo kwepfungwa kwakasimba. Avo vanoanyora vanowanzo kutsvaga chiratidzo chekuchema, mutoro wemanzwiro, kushungurudzika, kana kufarira zvakananga nekutya kweJapanZvinhu izvi zvinoshamisa, "hazvisi zvemunhu wese".
Vanamwari vanotyisa uye vanodzivirira vane chitarisiko chemadhimoni
Fudo Myoo: "mambo akachenjera" ane maziso anotyisa
Fudō Myōō Fudo Myoo mwari wechiBuddha akabatanidzwa munhoroondo yeIrezumi sezvo chiBuddha chakapararira muJapan yese. Kunyangwe asiri dhimoni chete, anoratidzwa nechiso chakatsamwa, mazino, huma yakakombama, uye akakomberedzwa nemoto, zvichimupa godo. mhepo inotyisa chose.
Mumatattoos, anoonekwa akabata bakatwa revajra rine mativi matatu netambo yaanosunga nayo mweya inoparadza. Mufananidzo uyu unomiririra dziviriro, simba remweya, kugona kucheka zvinobatanidzwa uye kukunda zvipingamupinyi zvemukati nekunzeInyaya yemifananidzo yeyakuza, asi yavewo yakakurumbira pakati pevanhu vari kutsvaga muchengeti akasimba paganda ravo.
Fujin naRaijin: Mhepo neKutinhira muOni Mode
Fujin y Raijin Ava vanamwari vaviri vekare kwazvo vechitendero cheJapan. Fujin, mwari wemhepo, anowanzo kuratidzwa semhando yeoni yegirini kana yebhuruu yakatakura saga guru remhepo kumusana kwayo. Raijin, mwari wekutinhira, anoonekwa sechisikwa chitsvuku chakakomberedzwa nengoma dzaanorova kuti aburitse madutu.
Pamwe chete vanomiririra chisimba nehukuru hwemadutuMasimba anozunungusa nyika. Mumatattoo, vanowanzoratidzwa vakatarisana kana kutenderera mudenga rimwe chete, sehama mbiri dziri muhondo dzisingaperi. Dzakakwana pakubata maoko kana musana uye dzinoratidza hunhu hwekurwa, simba rakachena, uye kuremekedza simba rezvisikwa.
Madhimoni, zvikara nezvisikwa zvakasanganiswa: kutya, dziviriro uye kusetsa
Namazu: hove yekudengenyeka kwenyika
Namazu Ihove hombe yekatsi inogara pasi peJapan uye inopomerwa mhosva yekudengenyeka kwenyika pese painokwanisa kufamba. Mwari wekutinhira Kashima ndiye ane basa rekuita kuti irambe iri panzvimbo yayo, asi kana ikasangwarira, Namazu anovhunduka uye pasi rinodedera. Mushure mekudengenyeka kwenyika kukuru, yakaonekwawo semunhu angangoita sengano. "ruramisiro munharaunda", kugovera pfuma nekugoverazve guta rakaparadzwa.
Mu irezumi, Namazu inogona kuvezwa se chiratidzo chenjodzi, chiyeuchidzo chekuti zvinhu zvese hazvina kusimbaKana, kubva mukududzirwa kwakakurumbira, sechiratidzo chekukakavara uye kuchinja kwakasimba. Anowanzo kuratidzwa achinyemwerera zvinotyisa kana nenzira inosetsa, akaputirwa nesushi, iyo inoenderana zvakanaka nekuravira kweJapan kwekusanganisa dhirama nekuseka.
Kappa: kamba yemurwizi ine madhimoni
El Kappa Ndiyo imwe yokai inozivikanwa zvikuru: rudzi rwechisikwa chinogara mumvura nepanyika, chine chimiro chemunhu, chine chimiro chakaita sekamba uye ndiro yemvura mumusoro wayo chinoipa simba rayo. Mungano, inogona kuva nengozi (kuba vana, kushungurudza vakadzi, kurwa mukurwa kwesumo), asiwo ine hunhu hwakanyanya.
Chinokosha ndechekuti kana ukaikotamira, inodzosa uta hwayo zvinyoro nyoro yodurura mvura kubva mudehenya rayo, zvichiita kuti isakwanise kuzvidzivirira. Tattoo yeKappa inowanzowira pakati pe Njodzi uye kusetsauye inogona kufananidzira chikamu chine njodzi uye pfungwa yekuti Chikara chega chega chine pachachisina simba..
Kirin naBaku: chimeras pakati pechiedza neusiku
Kirin Chisikwa chine zviratidzo zvakanaka: muviri wemhembwe, musoro wedhiragoni, makwande ehove, zenze reshumba, mahwanda ebhiza, uye muswe wenzombe. Chinoonekwa sechiratidzo che Shanduko huru, kufa kwevatungamiriri vakuru, uye kutanga kutsva kwakazara netariroMumatattoo, anowanzo perekedzwa nezviitiko zvekuchema kana kushanduka kwemunhu.
El BakuBaku, kune rumwe rutivi, inodya hope dzakaipa, ine musoro wenzou, nzara dzengwe, muviri webere, uye muswe wemombe. MuJapan, zvakajairika kuwana matalismans eBaku pedyo nemibhedha yevana. Tattoo yeBaku inoshanda se chirauro chekudzivirira husiku hwakaipa, kutya uye kushungurudzika, yakakodzera kune avo vanoda munhu anodzivirira asina simba rakawanda asi asina simba rakaenzana.
Ushi-oni, maJorogumo dandemutande nezvimwe zvinotyisa zvemhando yehybrid
Uyewo muboka rimwe chete rezvisikwa zvinotyisa mune matattoo e Ushi-oni (mhuka ine musoro wenzombe nemuviri mukuru unoda nyama yemunhu), uye JorogumoVakadzi vemadandemutande vanochinjana runako nerunoshamisa. Magadzirirwo aya akanakira avo vari kutsvaga irezumi yerima, yakazara nezvinhu zvinotyisa zveJapan zveGothicpasina kukanganisa runako rwechinyakare rwechinyakare.
Madhimoni, kupandukira uye dhiabhorosi wekuMadokero: nzvimbo yekusangana kwetsika
Munyika yekunyora ma tattoo, kunewo kusanganiswa kwakawanda kwe Madhimoni echiJapan ane mufananidzo wedhimoni rekumadokeroKudivi reEurope kana rechiKristu, tinowana magadzirirwo aSatani, ngirozi dzakawa kana madhimoni echikadzi ane hunhu hwepabonde hwakanyanya, ayo anowanzobatanidzwa zviri nyore nezvinhu zveJapan (mafungu, maruva, zvifukidziro) mumhando dzakasiyana.
ari matattoo edhiabhorosi Kazhinji zvinobatanidzwa nekupandukira, mafungiro akasiyana netsika, kutsoropodza tsika dzechinyakare dze "zvakanaka nezvakaipa," kana kufarira zvinorambidzwa. Dhiabhorosi mukadzi anowedzera ruchiva rwakawanda uye kukwezva kune njodzi, ukuwo dhiabhorosi akaita semwana achitamba nehuviri. kusava nemhosva vs. zvakaipa, vachitaura mashoko anosetsa nezvehunhu hwevanhu vane mativi maviri.
Zvinyorwa zve ngirozi nedhimonikana muviri wehafu-yengirozi, hafu-dhimoni, kuratidza kurwa kuri mukati medu kuripo pakati pezvatinofanira kuva "nezvatinonzwa kana zvatinoshuvira. Kana izvi zvikabatana nemaitiro echiJapan, unogona kuona mapapiro matema achiperekedzwa nemasiki eHannya, kana Satani wekare akakomberedzwa nemakore echimiro cheukiyo-e.
Mamwe matipi erima uye ekufananidzira mumatattoo echiJapan
Namakubi: misoro yakagurwa uye samurai kukudzwa
El namakubi Inoratidza misoro yakagurwa misoro, kazhinji yemasamurai, yakakomberedzwa neropa, tambo, zvombo, kana miseve. Yakatangira muJapan yehumambo uye tsika dzakadai se... seppuku (kuzviuraya kwetsika) uye kuurayiwa nekatana. Mumatattoo, namakubi inomirira rukudzo, ushingi, kugamuchira rufu, uye kukunda kutya.
Zvidimbu zvine hukasha, asi zvine meseji yakadzika: pane kurumbidza mhirizhonga, zvinoyeuka tsika yekare yekuremekedza nepfungwa yekuti kune zvinhu zvakanaka zvekuti munhu anoda "kurasa pfungwa dzake".
Hyottoko, Daruma naTanuki: zvinhu zvinotyisa, rombo rakanaka uye nhamo
Hyotoko Ihunhu hune chiso chakaremara nemuromo wakakombama, hunowanzoonekwa pamasiki, pamaposta emabhawa, uye pazviratidzo zvemitambo. Kare, hwaibatanidzwa nemoto nerombo rakanaka, uye pane ngano yemukomana aigona kugadzira goridhe kubva paguvhu rake. Kutora tattoo yeHyottoko kunogona kuva nzira isina kuoma yekuzviita. kukwezva rombo rakanaka uye kupemberera zvinoshamisa.
Iwo manhamba DarumaZvakafuridzirwa naBodhidharma, muvambi weZen Buddhism, zvidhori zvakaita sedenderedzwa, zvisina makumbo zvinoratidza kutsungirira, zvinangwa zvehupenyu, uye rombo rakanakaKana dziri tattoo, dzinowanzo shandiswa nemashoko ari mu "kanji" kana kuti ziso risati razadzikiswa, sekunge chishuwo kana chinangwa zvichiri kuenderera mberi.
El tanukiImbwa yemuno inonzi raccoon inyanzvi yekuvanza chimiro uye kunyengedza, asi nenzira yekutamba kwete yehutsinye. Matattoo ake anoonekwa nevanhu vakawanda. dumbu remazamu rakakura zvisina kuenzanaChinhu chekare chinosetsa. Chinomiririra nhamo, mufaro, kutamba, uye, maererano nedzimwe shanduro, rombo rakanaka mubhizinesi nekunwa doro.
Kuiswa kwetattoo yedhiabhorosi yechiJapan pamuviri
Muviri wese unogona kuva kanivhasi yemadhimoni, madhimoni uye yokaiAsi kune nzvimbo apo mhando dzezvimedu izvi dzinotaridzika zvakanaka uye dzinobvumira kukura kwakazara kwemaitiro echiJapan.
La shure Imhanzi yekare yeOni hombe, chiitiko chine Fudo Myoo, kana rwiyo rune maYokai nemafungu akati wandei. pecho Inoshanda zvakanaka pamasiki eHannya, ngirozi dzakafa, madhimoni echikadzi, kana musanganiswa wemadhimoni-geisha. Pamaoko nemakumbo, maoko akazara Zvinokubvumidza kubatanidza madhiragoni, madhimoni, maruva, nemvura mukuyerera kumwe chete kunoenderera mberi.
Kana uchitsvaga chimwe chinhu chakavanzika, unogona kusarudza shanduro dzakadzikiswaMasiki madiki paruoko, Jorogumo pambongoro, Kasa-obake pagumbo, kana Yurei yakagadzirwa padivi. Kunyangwe muchimiro chidiki, maitiro eirezumi anobvumira kurira kwekufananidzira kwakasimba.
Matattoo emadhimoni ekuJapan anodzikamisa kuumbwa kutya, chishuwo, kusetsa, zvekunamata, uye kupandukira mufananidzo mumwe chete. Kusarudza chisikwa chakakodzera, chifukidzo, zvinhu zvakakomberedza, uye nzvimbo yemuviri zvichashandura tattoo yako kuita zvinopfuura kungova mufananidzo unoshamisa: ichava nyaya yakaoma yakanyorwa paganda rako, iyo yauchagara nayo kweupenyu hwese.
