Pfungwa yekupfeka tekinoroji yakanamirwa paganda haisisiri kunzwika seyenguva yemberi. Nzira itsva yekuita izvi matattoo akangwara zvinobvumira macircuit nemachipisi kuiswa muganda Zviri kutanga kuonekwa muma laboratori epasi rose uye chinangwa ndechekuchinja maitiro edu nemagetsi, mishonga, uye kunyange kurima.
Zvishandiso izvi hazvisi zvekushongedza tattoo mupfungwa yakajairika, asi maseketi matete akadhindwa zvakananga panzvimbo dzinonzwa kusuruvaraKubva kunyama mhenyu kusvika kumapfupa kana zvirimwa. Kunyangwe tsvakiridzo iyi yakagadzirwa muUnited States, mashandisirwo anotarisirwa achava nemigumisiro yakakura kuEurope neSpain, uko hutano hwevanhu, indasitiri yemishonga, uye chikamu chekurima zvinogona kubatsirwa nedanho iri retekinoroji mumakore anotevera.
Chii chinonzi electronic tattoos uye chakasiyana sei ne electronic chip?
Paunotaura nezvazvo ma tattoo emagetsi akaiswa paganda Aya haasi ma microchips anoiswa muchimiro chesainzi, asi macircuit akadhindwa anonamatira pamusoro pemuviri kana zvimwe zvinhu zvakapfava. Kutaura nezve "tattoo" kune chekuita nenzira yekushandisa - jira rakatetepa, rinochinjika rinobatana neganda - pane runako.
Masisitimu aya anoshanda nekuda kwe inki dzesimbi dzinofambisa mhepo dzinoshandiswa nekupisaKana yanyatsosimba, inki inova circuit inoshanda inokwanisa kutumira masaini, kuyera ma parameter emuviri, kana kutaurirana nezvimwe zvishandiso zvisina waya. Kusvika pari zvino, danho rakakosha raive rekudziisa raidiwa kuti inki iwane hunhu hwayo hwekupedzisira hwemagetsi.
Dambudziko guru remagetsi akadhindwa raive iro chairo: Kuti inki ishandurwe kuita circuit inoshanda, zvaidiwa kuti isvike pakupisa kwakanyanya.nenjodzi yekutsva, kukanganisika, kana kukuvadza pamusoro penzvimbo yayakanyorwa. Izvi zvakabvisa zvinyama zvipenyu, ganda, mapfupa, kana zvinhu zvepurasitiki zvinonzwa kupisa, zvichideredza zvakanyanya kushandiswa kwayo pamuviri wemunhu kana zvirimwa.
Chizvarwa chitsva chema tattoo emagetsi chinopa mhinduro kune dambudziko iri rehunyanzvi: Pisa nzvimbo diki chete inodiwa pane inki.nekuchengetedza nharaunda ichitonhorera kana kuti patembiricha yemumba. Izvi zvinovhura mukana wekudhinda macircuit panzvimbo dzaisazombofungidzirika makore mashoma apfuura.
Tekinoroji yeMeta-NFS: ma microwave anonyatso shandiswa pakudhinda machipisi paganda
Kubudirira kwakaita kuti ma tattoo emagetsi adzoke panzvimbo yaanozivikanwa kunobva kuboka remainjiniya ku Yunivhesiti yeRice, muHouston (United States)uyo akagadzira sisitimu yekudhinda ye3D inonzi Meta-NFS. Kunyangwe basa iri rakaitwa kunze kweEurope, mhedzisiro yacho yakaisa hwaro huchafanotorwa nenzvimbo dzekutsvagisa dzeSpain neEurope muminda yakaita sebioengineering kana soft robotics.
Meta-NFS inoshandisa chimiro chakafuridzirwa ne zvinhu zvinokwanisa kuisa simba re microwave munzvimbo diki kwazvoine ma micrometer asingasviki 200. Kutarisa uku kunobvumira inki yesimbi kuti ipiswe nemazvo pasina kuwedzera zvakanyanya tembiricha yezvimwe zvinhu, ingave dehwe rekugadzira, mapfupa, chirimwa, kana purasitiki inogona kushandiswazve.
Maererano nebasa rakabudiswa mumagazini yesayenzi Sayenzi Inofambira MberiKurongeka uku kunobvumira inki kusvika patembiricha inodarika 160 degrees Celsius munzvimbo isinganyanyi kuonekwa, nepo pamusoro pechinhu chakapoteredza pasina kukanganiswa. Muchokwadi, sisitimu iyi inoshanda se "thermal laser" ye microwave: inongobata chete nzvimbo iyo circuit inoda kuvhurwa, ichisiya zvimwe zvese zvisina kugadziriswa.
Mumwe musiyano mukuru kubva kune nzira dzekare ndeyekushandisa simba zvakanaka. Ma microwave applicators akajairika anongotamisa 8,5% chete yesimba kuenda kuzvinhu zvinofambisa mhepoIzvi zvakakonzera kupisa kwakawanda uye zvakaderedza mashandisirwo azvo. NeMeta-NFS, kushanda zvakanaka kunokwira kusvika pa79,5%, zvichideredza marara uye zvichiita kuti zvive nyore kushanda panzvimbo dzisingakwanise kushivirira kupisa kwakanyanya.
Kuwedzera uku kwekushanda zvakanaka kunoshandura kuva chimwe chinhu chinobatika zvikuru: Maseketi acho anonatswa zviri nani, anoshanda zvakavimbika, uye anogona kudhindwa pamidziyo yaisazombogoneka kare.Pakuisa machipisi nemasensa paganda kana panyama mhenyu, musanganiswa uyu wekururama uye kupisa kushoma kwakakosha zvikuru.
Maitiro ekunyora ma tattoo emagetsi paganda, mapfupa, nemiti
Maitiro ekugadzira ma tattoo aya emagetsi anoshanda, muzvikamu zviviri. Chekutanga, inki yesimbi ine matekiniki ekudhinda e3D akagadzirirwa nzvimbo dzisina kurongekaTevere, Meta-NFS inotanga kushanda, nekushandisa nzvimbo ye microwave yakakangwa pairi inki kuti iite kuti ishande zvakanaka.
Imwe yemabhenefiti ehurongwa ndeyekuti Hazvidi kuti pamusoro payo pave pakasimba kana kuti pave pakati sandara zvakakwana.Mumiedzo yerabhoritari, mashizha emiti mhenyu, mapepa esilicone, bepa, mapurasitiki anochinjika, uye kunyange zvidimbu zvemapfupa zvakashandiswa. Chikwata chakakwanisa kuita kuti dunhu rienderane nemakombama nemagadzirirwo pasina kurasikirwa nekushanda.
Panyaya yepfupa, vaongorori vakadhinda sensor isina waya inokwanisa kuona madiki-deformationsNekushandisa masimba madiki, mudziyo wacho wainyora shanduko dzaigona kutumirwa kune imwe receiver isina waya. Rudzi urwu rwekuyedza runoshanda sehumbowo hwepfungwa yezvingagone kuitwa, munguva pfupi iri kutevera, nemapfupa akaiswa kana kuti maprostheses akangwara.
Mushure mekushanda kwe microwave, jira rakadhindwa rinova tattoo yemagetsi yakatetepa zvikuru, inochinjika uye yakanyatsonamirwaZvichienderana nekugadzirwa kwayo, inogona kubatanidza maantenna, masensa, nzira dzekutyaira, kana zvivakwa zvidiki zvinokwanisa kutaurirana nezvimwe zvinhu zvemagetsi zviri pedyo.
Pakushandisa paganda revanhu, kuenderana kweganda, kugara kwenguva refu, uye bvunzo dzekuchengetedza kwenguva refu zvichiri kuda kupasiswa, asi hwaro hwehunyanzvi—mukana wekuti macircuit ekudhinda asingakuvadzi matishu nekuda kwekupisa kwenzvimbo— yatove patafura. Kubva pano, kuigadzirisa kuti ishandiswe mukurapa kana mukutarisa kwezuva nezuva inyaya yekuwedzera tsvakurudzo, mitemo, uye budiriro yeindasitiri.
Mashandisirwo ekurapa: kutarisa panguva chaiyo, maimplants, uye midziyo ye bionic
Imwe yenzvimbo idzo ma tattoo emagetsi anobatanidza maseketi nemachipisi muganda anogona kukanganisa zvakanyanya imishonga. kuisa masensa zvakananga pamaimplants, majoini, kana nyama mhenyu Inovhura mukana wekutarisa zviri kuitika mumuviri nenzira yakanyatsojeka pasina chikonzero chekupindira nguva dzose.
Munzvimbo yekiriniki, zvinokwanisika kudhinda ma tattoo emagetsi pamabvi kana ma prostheses emuchiuno vanoyera kusakara, kumanikidzwa, kana mafambiro asina kujairika uye vanotumira ruzivo kuchikwata chekurapa. Rudzi urwu rwedata repanguva chaiyo runobatsira kuona matambudziko asati aonekwa sekurwadziwa kana kutadza kushanda zvakanaka kwemuchina, chimwe chinhu chinonakidza kune masisitimu ehutano akaita seSpain, uko kutarisa varwere vasingaperi kuri dambudziko riripo.
Imwe nzira yekutsvaga inoratidza kuti machipisi nemasensa zvakabatanidzwa muganda kuti zviongorore zviratidzo zvakakoshazvakaita sekurova kwemoyo, mwero wekuita, maitiro ekufamba, kana kunyange zviratidzo zvemakemikari zviri mudikita. Zvichienzaniswa nezvipfeko zviripo iye zvino—mawachi, zvishongo zvemaoko, kana mapenji—tattoo yemagetsi inoiswa paganda inogona kunge yakavanzika, yakareruka, uye ichipa kuyerwa kunogara kuripo.
Munguva yepakati nerefu, nyanzvi hadzirambiwo kuuya kwe zvishandiso zvinomedzwa uye mhinduro dze bionic dzine electronics dzakabatanidzwaKana tekinoroji ikabvumira maseketi kudhindwa pazvinhu zvinoenderana nehupenyu izvo zvinobva zvabatanidzwa munhengo kana maumbirwo emukati, masisitimu anogona kugadzirwa anokwanisa kutaurirana zvakananga nemuviri, kutumira ruzivo kana kupindura kune zvimwe zvinokurudzira.
MuEurope, uko mitemo pamusoro pe zvishandiso zvehutano zvinogona kuiswa mumuviri uye zvigadzirwa zvehutano Zvakanyanya kuoma; chero kufambira mberi kwerudzi urwu kuchafanirwa kupfuura nedanho refu rekutonga. Zvisinei, nyika dzine tsika yakasimba yekurapa, dzakadai seGermany, France, neSpain, dzatova nemapoka ekutsvagisa mune zvemagetsi zvinochinjika uye mishonga yakasarudzika inoona rudzi urwu rwetekinoroji nehanya.
Kurima nemazvo: masensa pamashizha nezvirimwa zvipenyu
Kunze kwekurapa, matattoo emagetsi anogonawo kuita basa rakakosha mukurapa. kurima nemazvo uye manejimendi ezvirimwaMaitiro akaratidzwa nechikwata cheRice University anosanganisira bvunzo pamashizha emiti ari mhenyu, uko macircuit anodhindwa pasina kukuvadza tishu yemiti.
Ma sensor aya anogona kuyera zvinhu zvakaita se mwero wehunyoro, mamiriro ekudya kwezvirimwa, kana zviratidzo zvekushushikana nekuda kwezvipembenene, kusanaya kwemvura, kana kupisa kwakanyanya. Musiyano mukuru nemasisitimu aripo ndewekuti kuyerwa kwacho kwaizotorwa zvakananga pachirimwa, kwete muvhu kana mumhepo chete.
Kune nzvimbo dzekurima dzeSpain —kubva zvirimwa zvakawanda zvegreenhouse kumaodzanyemba kwakadziva kumabvazuva, kusanganisira minda yemizambiringa neminda yemiorivhiKuva neruzivo rwakadzama rwakadaro kunogona kubatsira kugadzirisa zviri nani kudiridza, kushandiswa kwefetereza, uye nzira dzekudzivirira zvirimwa. Izvi zvingaita kuti kushandiswa kwemvura nemakemikari kuderera uye kuti zviwanikwa zvisanyanya kufambiswa zvakanaka.
Mumamiriro ezvinhu emuEurope anozivikanwa nemutemo wekurima wakafanana uye zvinodiwa nezvakatipoteredza, kuva nematattoo emagetsi pamiti Kupa ruzivo rwakavimbika uye rwenguva chaiyo kunogona kuva chishandiso chakakosha. Uyezve, nekuti iwo macircuit akatetepa zvikuru uye ane simba shoma, kubatanidzwa kwawo mufekitori hakunyanyi kupindira pane dzimwe nzira.
Kukwanisa kudhinda masensa aya pamapepa, huni, kana mapurasitiki anogona kushandiswazve kunovhurawo mukana wekuti mavara emhando yepamusoro anodhura zvishoma echeni yezvekudyanekukwanisa kunyora tembiricha, kuvhunduka kana mamiriro ekufambisa, chimwe chinhu chinonakidza kune vese vagadziri nevagovanisi muEuropean Union.
Kukanganiswa kwezvakatipoteredza uye kudzokororwa: zvemagetsi pazvinhu zvinogona kudzokororwa
Chimwe chinhu chakakosha pamusoro pema tattoo aya emagetsi kugona kwawo kuita kufunga patsva nezvemhedzisiro yemagetsi kune zvakatipoteredzaKana maseketi achigona kudhindwa pamidziyo yakaita sepepa, kadhibhodhi, huni, kana mapurasitiki anogona kudzokororwa, kupatsanurwa nekudzokororwa kwemidziyo pakupera kwebasa rayo kunogona kurerutswa.
Pane kugadzira mabhokisi akaomarara azere nezvinhu zvakaoma kupatsanura, zvimwe zvigadzirwa zvinogona kugadzirwa ne zvikamu zvemagetsi zvakadhindwa zvinopatsanurwa zviri nyoreIzvi zvinoenderana nezvinangwa zvakatarwa neEuropean Union maererano nehupfumi hwakatenderera uye kuderedza marara emagetsi, nzvimbo iyo Spain ine mukana wekuvandudzawo.
Kushanda nesimba kwakanyanya kweMeta-NFS system, nekuendesa simba rinosvika 80% kuenda kuzvinhu zvinofambisa mhepo, zvinorevawo kuchengetedza zviwanikwa mukugadzirwa kwechinhu pachachoKupisa kushoma kunopedza simba zvinoreva kushandiswa kushoma uye, zvichida, kugadzira zvinhu zvinogara kwenguva refu.
Zvisinei, matambudziko achiripo: kuumbwa kweinki dzesimbi, kushandiswazve kwezvinhu, uye kutarisira marara Mibvunzo iyi ichiripo. Kubatanidza ma tattoo aya emagetsi mukugadzirwa kwemhando inochengetedza magariro kunoda kushanda pamwe chete pakati pevasayendisiti, maindasitiri, nevatongi.
Kune Europe, iyo inoshuvira kutungamira kuchinja kuenda kune zvemagetsi zvine mutoroRudzi urwu rwetekinoroji iri kubuda rune imwe mukana. Marabhoritari nemakambani mukondinendi yese ari kutoshanda pamagetsi anochinjika uye anogona kuora, saka hazvingashamisi kuona mapurojekiti achibatanidza nzira idzi nehunyanzvi hwakafanana neMeta-NFS.
Kubva paganda kusvika kuhupenyu hwezuva nezuva: kuenda kumagetsi akabatanidzwa muhupenyu hwezuva nezuva
Kunyangwe tekinoroji ye Matattoo emagetsi anobvumira macircuit nemachipisi kuiswa paganda Zvichiri muchikamu chekuyedza, asi divi racho rinoita serakajeka: maelectronic ari kuchinja kubva pamidziyo yakaoma, yakaparadzana kuenda kunzvimbo dzinochinjika, dzehupenyu dziripo munharaunda yezuva nezuva.
Zviri nyore kufungidzira, mumakore mashoma anotevera, zvidimbu zvisingaonekwe zvakanamatira paganda zvinotarisa hutano hwedu, zvinoiswa mumapfupa zvakazara nemasensa anozivisa vanachiremba, kana zvirimwa zvekurima zvakafukidzwa nematunhu madiki anotaura nezvemamiriro azvo munguva chaiyo. Zvese zvakabatanidzwa nenzira isinganyanyi kukanganisa pane zvishandiso zvechinyakare.
Kuti izvi zvikwanisike, panodiwa kufambira mberi mune kuenderana kwezvinhu zvipenyu, kuchengetedzeka, kuvanzika kwedata uye hurongwa hwemutemoKuiswa kwemachipisi nemasensa paganda kana pamuviri kunokonzera matambudziko etsika nemutemo ayo Europe inowanzo gadzirisa nekungwarira, izvo zvinogona kunonoka kusvika kwavo pamusika, asi zvakare zvinovimbisa dziviriro yakakura kune vagari.
Pasinei nezvipingamupinyi izvi, nzira yakatangwa nemasisitimu akaita seMeta-NFS inoratidza kuti Muganho uripo pakati pemiviri yedu netekinoroji uri kuramba uchidzikira.Magetsi emagetsi haachafanirwe kuganhurirwa pafoni kana pakombuta; anogona kushanda pamwe chete neganda, mapfupa, nemiti nenzira iri pedyo zvikuru.
Nekufambira mberi uku kuripo, chizvarwa chinotevera chezvishandiso chinogona kurega kufanana nezvishandiso zvatinoziva uye kushandisa mafomu echisikigo anoenderana nenharaunda: kubva matattoo emagetsi asingaonekwe zvakanyanya Kubva kumasekete akagadzirwa nezvinhu zvinogona kudzokororwa zvinofamba chinyararire muhupenyu hwedu hwezuva nezuva, tekinoroji iri kugadzirira kuzvibatanidza, chaizvoizvo, pasi peganda.
