Matattoo ari kwese kwese: maruva, mazuva, mitsara, zviratidzo, mhuka dzinovaraidza kana madhiragoni izvo zvinoshandura ganda kuita kanivhasi inogara iripo. Asi kunze kwekugadzirwa uye tarenda remugadziri wematattoo, pane mubvunzo usingambo bvunzwa zvakakomba: chii chaizvo chatinosiya mumiviri yedu patinoiswa tattoo, uye inki iyoyo inoita sei kana yave muganda?
Mumakore achangopfuura, vanachiremba, nyanzvi dzemakemikari, uye nyanzvi dzezvechepfu vakatanga kuongorora inki idzi. Havangofariri hunyanzvi chete, asiwo chepfu inogona kuitika uye rwendo rwunotevera mavara mumuviriUye zvavakawana isanganiswa yakaoma yemavara emhando ye organic ne inorganic pigments, solvents, preservatives, tsvina uye kunyange mabhakitiriya mune dzimwe nguva, muchigadzirwa icho, zvinoshamisa, hachina kudzorwa zvakanyanya kupfuura zvizoro zvakawanda zvinongobata pamusoro peganda chete.
Kuti inki yetattoo inonamira sei paganda
Kuti unzwisise zvinoitwa neinki, unofanira kutanga waziva zvishoma nezveganda. Rakarongwa muzvikamu zvitatu zvikuru: epidermis, dermis uye hypodermisEpidermis ndiyo chikamu chekunze, icho chatinoona uye chinogara chichizvivandudza. Pasi payo pane dermis, iyo yakakora uye yakazara ne collagen, mitsipa yeropa, tsinga, uye matumbu edikita. Yakatodzika ndiyo hypodermis, inoumbwa zvakanyanya nemafuta.
Patinoiswa tattoo, tsono dzemuchina dzinogadziriswa kuti inki igare mudermis, anenge panguva imwe chete. Kudzika kwemamirimita maviriHaigari muganda reganda nekuti jira iroro rinobuda uye rinozvivandudza, izvo zvinoita kuti dhizaini yacho iparare. Hazvikurudzirwi zvakare kuti isvike mu hypodermis, uko njodzi yekukuvadza tsinga, mitsipa yeropa, kana ma lymph nodes inowedzera.
Munguva yekunyora tattoo, ronda rinodzorwa rinogadzirwa uye masoja ekudzivirira muviri anopindura. Masero machena eropa anobatsira "kuchenesa" (macrophages) Vanoedza kubvisa zvidimbu zvepigment muropa kuti zvibviswe. Zvikamu zvidiki zvinotakurwa neropa ne lymphatic system, uye zvimwe zvacho zvinoguma zvabviswa kana kutamira kuma lymph nodes uye, zvishoma, kuchiropa.
Zvisinei, zvidimbu zvakakura zvepigment zvinoramba zvakavharirwa mumacrophages nemasero edermis. Izvi zvinotsanangura chikonzero nei tattoo yacho ichiramba ichionekwa kwemakore.Mapigment acho anova "akavharirwa" mumasero aya. Nguva imwe neimwe kana macrophage yakazara neinki yafa, imwe inosvika, inoputira mapigment acho, uye inoenderera mberi nekutenderera, ichiramba ichidhonza, kunyangwe nekufamba kwenguva. chikamu cheruvara chinopera sezvo zvikamu zvidiki zvichirasika.
Zvinhu zvikuru zveinki yetattoo
Inki yemazuva ano yetattoo haisi mvura ine ruvara chete. Musanganiswa wakaoma we pigments dzisinganyunguduki, solvents, binders, additives uye preservativespamwe chete nechero tsvina inogona kuitika kana zvigadzirwa zvekugadzira. Zvese izvi zvakagadzirirwa kuva nechokwadi chekuti inki inoyerera zvakanaka nepatsono, inoiswa mudermis, uye inoramba yakagadzikana kwenguva yakareba sezvinobvira. Kuti udzidze nezvemhando dziripo, ona mhando dzema tattoo.
Mwoyo wefomura iyi imavara ane chekuita neruvara. Pigments inogona kuva yeorganic (inobva mumamorekuru ekabhoni) kana inorganic (minerals kana metallic salts)Kusiyana nemadhayi anonyungudika, mavara acho haana kunyungudika, anodzivirira chiedza nemakemikari, zvichiita kuti ave akakodzera tattoo inofanira kugara kwemakumi emakore.
Kuti uise mavara aya paganda, anofanira kuparadzirwa muchinhu chine mvura. Mvura yakasanganiswa ndiyo inowanzo nyungudutsaKunyangwe zvichisanganiswa nedoro dzakadai seethanol kana isopropanol uye neglycerin kana propylene glycol, izvo zvinoshanda se humectants uye zvinogadzirisa viscosity. Zvinhu izvi zvinobatsira kudzivirira inki kuti isagadzikane nekukurumidza uye zvinoita kuti ifambe zvakanaka panguva yekunyora tattoo.
Pamusoro pe pigment uye solvent, inki ine zvinhu zvisingape ruvara: zvinosanganisa makemikari, zvinosunga, zvinosimbisa, zvinozadza uye zvinochengetedzaZvinhu zvinosunga (zvakaita sepolyvinylpyrrolidone kana shellac-type resins) zvinobatsira kuti zvidimbu zvepigment zvinamire pamwe chete kana chinhu chinonyungudutsa chapera, zvichivandudza magadzirirwo uye zvichiita kuti jekiseni rive nyore. Zvinhu zvinoomesa uye thixotropic agents (semuenzaniso, silica) zvinogadzirisa huwandu hweganda, zvichipa mugadziri wematattoo simba rakakwana.
Kana zviri zvekuchengetedza, zvinowedzerwa kuti zvideredze kukura kwemabhakitiriya nefungus mubhodhoro kana ravhurwa. Mishonga yakaita se benzoic acid kana zvimwe zvinochengetedza zvine mvumo zvinoshandiswa., muhuwandu hushoma asi hwakakwana kudzivirira kusvibiswa kwezvipembenene, chimwe chinhu chakakosha tichifunga kuti pakati peinki dzakaongororwa mune dzimwe ongororo, mabhodhoro akavharwa ane mabhakitiriya akawanikwa.
Pigments dzeorganic ne inorganic uye tsvina ine matambudziko
Nyika yemavara emavara emavara yakakura, uye kutaura chokwadi, mazhinji acho haana kugadzirwa kuti apinzwe mumuviri. Dzinobva kumaindasitiri akadai semachira, pendi, kana chikafu.uko nzira dzekuongorora kuchena uye njodzi dzakasiyana nedzinodiwa pakushandiswa kweganda uye kwekusingaperi.
Kana paine pigments dzisina kugadzirwa, metallic oxides nemunyu zvinoshandiswa. Iron oxides, titanium dioxide, makemikari echromium, cobalt, nickel kana cadmium Dzakashandiswa, zvakanyanya kana zvishoma, zvichienderana neruvara rwaunoda. Mavara asina kuchena anowanzo buritsa mavara asina kupenya zvakanyanya uye asinganyanyi kupenya, ndosaka achinyanya kuonekwa muzvizoro zvinogara zviripo pane mukunyora tattoo yemazuva ano.
Kune rumwe rutivi, mavara emhando yeorganic anopa mavara anopenya uye akasiyana-siyana emavara. Mazhinji eanoshandiswa mumatattoos nhasi ndeaya pigments dzeAzo (dzine maatomu maviri enitrogen akabatanidzwa nechisungo chakapetwa kaviri) kana kuti magadzirirwo epolycyclic. Makemikoro aya anowanzo sanganiswa nebarium sulfate kana titanium oxide kuti awedzere simba reruvara rwawo uye kusaonekwa zvakanaka, kunyangwe zvichikonzera matambudziko ekupararira nekugadzikana.
Chinhu chinonetsa panyaya iyi tsvina. Izvi zvakaonekwa muinki. maamine anonyanya kunhuhwirira anobva mukuora kwemadhayi eazo, mahydrocarbon aromatic polycyclic (PAHs) uye simbi dzinoremaMamwe emamine aya nemaPAH anoiswa muboka rekuti anogona kukonzera kenza kana mutagenic, uye zvinhu zvakawanda zvinobatanidzwa hazvibvumidzwe muzvizoro kana machira anongobata pamusoro peganda chete.
Zvidzidzo zvemurabhoritari zvakaratidza kuti, pasi pechiedza chinoonekwa, mwaranzi ye ultraviolet, kana laser, Mapigment mazhinji eazo anogona kuputsika, zvichigadzira amines dzinonhuhwirira.Pamadhayi eazo anoshandiswa muinki, akawanda anobatanidzwa nekuumbwa kwemaamine aya ari muzvinyorwa zvisina kunaka zveEurope, izvo zvakakonzera kurambidzwa kwemavara akasiyana uye kuwanda kwakanyanya kwetsvina.
Mavara einki uye maumbirwo azvo zvichienderana nerudzi rwemutinhimira
Kuumbwa chaiko kweinki yetattoo kunoenderana zvakanyanya neruvara. Muvara wega wega unowanikwa nekusanganiswa kwakanangana kwemavara echisikigo neechisikigo.Uye nekufamba kwenguva, zvimwe zvezvinhu zvinonetsa zvakanyanya zvakatsiviwa nezvimwe zvinoonekwa sezvisina njodzi.
Inki nhema ndiyo inonyanya kushandiswa. Yakavakirwa zvakanyanya pazvikamu zvekabhoni (kabhoni nhema, kabhoni isina chimiro) uye dzimwe nguva iron oxideMuchokwadi, haina huwandu hwakawanda hwesimbi dzinorema dzakawedzerwa sepigment yayo huru uye inowanzo kukonzera allergy shoma kupfuura mamwe mavara. Zvisinei, inki nhema dzakawanda dzakawanikwa dziine PAH dzakadai senaphthalene, iyo inorongwa sekenza, uye carbon nanoparticles inokwanisa kutamira kune lymph nodes.
Chena chakagadzirwa zvakanyanya ne titanium dioxide kana zinc oxideMavara aya haana kujeka uye ane zvidimbu zvakakura, zvichiita kuti inki iyi ive yakaoma kushanda nayo, uye mune vamwe vanhu, inowanzobatwa neganda. Titanium inonzwawo nechiedza: inogona kuita nechiedza uye inobatawo mukuita kwe oxidation inotsamwisa ganda.
Ruvara rutsvuku rwagara rwuri ruvara runonyanya kukakavadzana. Kwemakumi emakore, zvinhu zvakaita se... mercury sulfide (cinnabar)Mavara aya ane chekuita zvakanyanya nekurwara kwakanyanya uye mamwe matambudziko eganda. Parizvino, zvigadzirwa zvakawanda zvakatsiva mavara eorganic akadai se naphthol-AS kana iron oxides, kunyangwe zviratidzo zvemagadzirirwo ekare kana mavara matsvuku ane njodzi yakakura yekurwara kweganda zvichiri kuwanikwa.
Yero inowanzo shandiswa cadmium uye cadmium sulfiteMishonga iyi ndiyo inokonzera ruvara rwayo rwakasimba asiwo inokonzera migumisiro yakaipa. Mitemo yemazuva ano inoderedza kana kurambidza mishonga iyi uye inofarira mamwe mavara emhando yeyero, kunyange zvazvo ichiramba iri ruvara runowanzo pindura zvisina kunaka kana yabviswa nelaser uye inogona kuora muzuva, zvichiita zvinhu zvinogumbura.
Mumavara egirini, bhuruu, uye turquoise, mavara ane chromium, mhangura kana cobaltzvakaita se phthalocyanines dzemhangura. Mamwe emamorekuru aya ave achiongororwa kuti anogona kukanganiswa sei kuita zvinhu zvine chepfu. Kutaura zvazviri, European Union yakaganhurira mamwe mavara egirini nebhuruu ane mhangura muchimiro chawo chepakati nekuda kwenjodzi yekuti, kana akapiswa nemwaranzi nema lasers, anoburitsa zvinhu zvakaita sebenzene (carcinogen) kana hydrogen cyanide.
Maruva eviolet nepepuru zvinowanzobva ku pigments dzine chekuita nemagnesium kana kuti maumbirwo akaomarara eorganic, nepo mabrown achiwanzo kuwanikwa ne iron oxides kana musanganiswa unosanganisira cadmium salts mumafomu ekare. Mugadziri wega wega anogona kusiyanisa resipi, saka inki mbiri dzeruvara rumwe chete rwekutengesa dzinogona kuva nemakemikari akasiyana kwazvo.
Mhando dzeinki: vegan, synthetic, temporary uye special
Pakukurukura nezvemhando dzeinki, ruvara harusi irwo rwoga rwunonyanya kukosha. Musika unopa mhando dzakasiyana-siyana zvichienderana nekwakabva kana hunhu hweinki. Semuenzaniso, inki dzevegan dzinodzivisa zvinhu zvinobva kumhuka., zvakaita segelatin, glycerin inobva mumafuta emhuka kana kunyange upfu hwemapfupa, izvo kare zvaigona kuva chikamu chemamwe mafomura.
Nezvekwakabva kemikari, pane musiyano pakati peinki dzechisikigo neinki dzekugadzira, dzese dziri dzechisikigo nedzisina kugadzirwa. Pigment yechisikigo inowanzobva muzvicherwa (hematite, magnetite, limonite, red clays, rutile, corundum) kana kubva mumiti nemhuka. zvakaita se curcumin (yero), cochineal (tsvuku), kana indigo plants (bhuruu). Mavara aya anowanzo buritsa mavara asina kusimba uye asingagari kwenguva refu, ndosaka akatsiviwa zvakanyanya nemapigment akagadzirwa akasimba.
Inki dzekugadzira dzinoshandiswa mazuva ano, kazhinji, dzakagadzirwa ne zvakasikwa, zvinowanzobva muindasitiri yemachira kana yezvekudyaDzinopa mavara anopenya, dzinodzivirira zviri nani uye dzakasiyana-siyana, asi dzinounza dambudziko rekuora kunogona kuitika muzvinhu zvine chepfu kana dzikaiswa pachiedza, kupisa kana lasers.
Kunewo inki dzakakosha dzakadai seinki dze fluorescent, idzo Vanopenya murima kana pasi pechiedza che ultraviolet Nekuda kwemakemikari ephosphorus, mamwe anotengeswa se "asingaonekwe" nemaziso uye anongoonekwa chete nechiedza chitema. Kuchengetedzwa kwawo kwenguva refu hakunyatsodzidzwa, uye kazhinji, haabvumidzwe kana kuti haateveri mitemo yakafanana neinki dzechinyakare.
Muminda yezvekurapa uye runako, mafomura akadai se inki dzakavharirwa muzvikamu zvidiki dzine pigments dzinokwanisa kunyungudikaPfungwa yacho ndeyekuti ruvara rwacho rwakavharirwa mu polymer capsule inoenderana ne biocompatible (yakafanana neiyo inoshandiswa muma contact lenses) uye kuti, kana zvichidikanwa, runogona kubviswa zviri nyore kana kutoparadzwa nenzira inodzorwa, chimwe chinhu chinonakidza mukuvhiyiwa kwekuvakazve, kucherechedza kenza kana ma tattoo epanguva pfupi emhando yepamusoro.
Zvimwe zvinobatsira: zvinonyungudutsa, zvinosunga uye zvinochengetedza
Kuwedzera kune pigment uye chinhu chikuru chinonyungudutsa, kugadzirwa kweinki kune zvinhu zvakawanda "zvisingaonekwe" neziso asi zvakakosha pakubata kwayo nekuchengetedza. Doro dzakadai se ethanol ne isopropanol Zvinowedzerwa kuti zvigadzirise nguva yekuomesa, kunatsiridza kupararira uye kupa mushonga wekuuraya utachiona mumusanganiswa, kunyangwe zvisingatsivi matanho ehutsanana ekudzidza zvachose.
Glycerin nepropylene glycol zvine zvinangwa zviviri: Dzinoshanda sezvinhu zvinonyorovesa, dzichidzivirira inki kuti isaome nekukurumidza, uye dzinowedzera kusviba. Izvi zvinoita kuti mugadziri wematattoo ave nekutonga kwakawanda pamusoro pehuwandu hwema tattoo anoiswa paganda. Mune mamwe ma formula, anogona kusvika 30% nehuremu, kunyanya muinki dzine pigments dzakaoma kuparadzira.
Zvinhu zvinosunga—zvakaita sepolyvinylpyrrolidone, mamwe mapolyether, mablock copolymers, kana shellac— Zvinobatsira kudzikamisa kusungirirwa uye "kunamatira" zvidimbu pamwe chete kana zvangoiswa mudermisIzvi zvinobatsira kudzivirira kuti tattoo isapararire zvakanyanya uye zvinochengetedza mativi akajeka, kunyange zvazvo zvichigonawo kukanganisa kuoma kwekuibvisa nekurapa ne laser.
Zvinosimbisa uye zvinozadza (silica, barium sulfate, mamwe mapoda asina kusimba) zvinowedzerwa muhuwandu hudiki, kazhinji pasi pe5% yehuwandu hwese. kugadzirisa magadzirirwo, kudzivirira kudonha kwemvura nekukurumidza uye kuvandudza mashandiro ezvigadzirwaHazviwedzere ruvara, asi zvinogona kukanganisa manzwiro eruvara uye maitiro aro nekufamba kwenguva.
Kana zviri zvekuchengetedza, kusvika Zvinhu zvakasiyana-siyana zvakawanda zvinowanikwa pamusika, uye mhando dzinosvika makumi matatu dzinowanikwa muinki dzetattoo.Basa rayo nderekudzivirira kukura kwehutachiona mubhodhoro kana ravhurwa. Zvisinei, mitemo inosimbisa kuti haifanirwe kushandiswa kutsiva mamiriro asina kunaka ekugadzira: kana inki yakasvibiswa panobva chinhu, mushonga unochengetedza hausi mushonga, asi kungori kugadzirisa kwenguva pfupi kusina kukwana.
Chii chinoitika kuinki iri mukati memuviri?
Kana tattoo yapora, pfungwa ndeyekuti ruvara rwacho runoramba rwuri muganda, asi pachiyero chidiki nyaya yacho inochinja-chinja. Zvinofungidzirwa kuti kusvika chikamu chimwe muzvitatu chemavara eganda anogona kutama kubva paganda kuenda kuma lymph nodes.uko zvidimbu zvine mavara (kunyanya dema netsvuku) zvakawanikwa muzvidzidzo zvevanhu nemhuka.
Zvisaririra zvemavara zvakawanikwawo mu Masero eKupffer echiropa mukuyedza nembevaIzvi zvinoratidza kuti, kunyange zvazvo ruvara rwakawanda ruchiramba ruri paganda, chikamu chikuru chinofamba mumuviri wese. Izvi zvinomutsa mibvunzo nezvezvingangoitika mumuviri, kunyanya kana paine tsvina yakaita sePAHs, aromatic amines, kana heavy metals.
Pasi pesimba rezuva, mwaranzi ye ultraviolet, kana kuti lasers dzinoshandiswa kubvisa ma tattoo, Pigments dzinogona kuora, zvichiita kuti pave nezvinhu zvishoma uye, mune dzimwe nguva, zvinogona kuita kuti pave nezvinhu zvinokanganisa ganda.Semuenzaniso, mishonga yeAzo inogona kupatsanurwa kuita maamine anonyanya kunhuhwirira, akawanda acho anoiswa muchikamu checarcinogenic uye anowanikwa mumirau yeEurope (REACH, cosmetics regulation, Council of Europe resolutions).
Kumwe kuyedza kwakaratidza kuti mamwe mavara egirini nebhuruu ane mhangura, kana akapiswa nemwaranzi, anoora, oburitsa benzene (kenza inokonzerwa neleukemia neanemia) uye hydrocyanic acidKunyangwe huwandu hunowanikwa mu tattoo yakajairika husingazoiti chepfu chaiyo, zvinomutsa kusava nechokwadi pamusoro penjodzi inounganidzwa, kunyanya muzvidimbu zvakakura uye kurapwa ne laser kakawanda.
Kune rumwe rutivi, kuvapo kwePAHs uye photosensitivity yemakemikari akadai setitanium dioxide zvinotsigira kugadzirwa kwemhando dzeokisijeni dzinoshanda kana nzvimbo yakadhirowewa tattoo yaonekwa nezuvaMhando idzi dzinoita kuti oxygen iwedzere dzinogona kukuvadza mafuta nemapuroteni mumasero, zvichikonzera kuzvimba, kuvaviwa, uye kusagadzikana. Ndosaka nyanzvi dzichisimbirira kuti dzivirira matattoo nemafuta ekudzivirira zuva ruvara rwakafara, kunyanya mumwedzi mishoma yekutanga uye mumavara akajeka kana akazara zvakanyanya.
Njodzi, allergies uye mhando chaiyo yeinki
Kubva pamaonero emutemo, mamiriro ezvinhu anga asina kugadzikana zvinoshamisa kwemakore. Kunyange hazvo madhayi akawanda nezvinhu zviri muinki zvichirambidzwa muzvizoro kana machira anobata ganda, inki dzetattoo dzagara dzisingabatanidzwi nemitemo iyi.Izvi zvakabvumira kushandiswa kwemavara asingapfuure firita yakasimba yekuchengetedza ganda.
Ongororo dzakaitwa painki dzemhando dzakasiyana nenyika dzakawana kuti simbi dzinorema dzakadai senickel, mhangura, manganese, lead, kana kunyange cadmium muhuwandu hwakapfuura miganhu inokurudzirwa, uye hwaisaratidzwa nguva dzose pane label. Semuenzaniso, nickel inyanzvi inozivikanwa yekukurudzira, inokwanisa kukonzera contact dermatitis kune vanhu vane chirwere ichi.
Uyezve, zvakaonekwa mune mamwe ma sample series kuti Inenge 20% yeinki dzakaongororwa dzakaratidza kusvibiswa kwebhakitiriyakunyangwe mumidziyo yakavharwa. Izvi zvinoratidza kukosha kweMaitiro Akanaka Ekugadzira uye kushandiswa kwemidziyo inoshandiswa kamwe chete mumastudio ehunyanzvi, sezvo inki ine utachiona inogona kukonzera hutachiona hwakakomba munharaunda.
Maitiro anowanzo itika akaipa ndeemunharaunda: kuvaviwa kunoramba kuripokutsvuka, kuzvimba kusingaperi munzvimbo dzakati dzetattoo, kana kuoneka kwemapundu nemaplaqueMaitiro aya anowanzo batanidzwa nemamwe mavara (kunyanya matsvuku nemachena). Mune zvimwe zviitiko, maitiro e-photoallergic anoitika, ayo anowedzera kana zuva ranyura, kana kuputika kwezvirwere zvakaita se psoriasis, vitiligo, kana lupus.
Kunyangwe pasina humbowo hwakasimba hunoratidza kuti kuva nematattoo kunowedzera njodzi yekubatwa nekenza yeganda kana yemuviri, kuvapo kwezvinhu zvinogona kukonzera kenza uye kushaikwa kwezvidzidzo zvenguva refu kwakaita kuti nyanzvi dzide. Tsvakurudzo yakawanda, kudzora mhando, uye kunyora mazita zvakajeka.Panguva iyi, kusarudza inki dzakatenderwa nevakuru vezvehutano uye kuenda kumastudio anotevedzera mitemo inzira yakanaka yekuderedza njodzi.
Mitemo yekuEurope neSpain pamusoro peinki dzetattoo
MuEurope, matanho akatorwa ekugadzirisa kurongeka kweinki. Dare reEurope rakaburitsa zvisungo zvakananga (ResAP 2003 uye 2008 update) zvinokurudzira kuderedza kana kurambidza zvimwe zvinhu zviri muinki dzetattoo uye makeup inogara iripo, kugadzira runyorwa rwearomatic amines, pigments uye preservatives zvisingafanirwe kuvapo kana kuti zvinofanira kutevedzera huwandu hwakanyanya hwekusachena.
Zvisarudzo izvi zvakavakirwa pane zvimwe zvirongwa zvakaita se mutemo wezvekushongedza, mutemo weREACH uye kupatsanurwa kweCLP nemazitaGwaro iri rinopa runyorwa rwezvinhu zvinokonzera kenza, mutagenic, kana chepfu yekubereka zvisingafanirwe kusangana nemuviri kwenguva refu. Rinotsanangurawo miganhu yezvinodiwa zvesimbi dzinorema uye kuchena kwezvisikwa kune zvinopenda zvinoshandiswa muzvikafu nezvizoro.
Mukati meEuropean Union, European Chemicals Agency (ECHA) yakakurudzira mitemo chaiyo painki, kurambidza kana kuganhurira mamwe mavara ebhuruu negirini, pamwe chete nerondedzero refu yemavara nezvinochengetedzaChinangwa ndechekuderedza kugara uchisangana nezvinhu zvine njodzi huru. Izvi zvinomanikidza vagadziri kuti vagadzirise inki dzavo dzakawanda kuti varambe vachidzitengesa zviri pamutemo.
MuSpain, inki dzematattoo dzinoonekwa sedzinobvumirwa nemutemo, zvigadzirwa zvehutsanana hwemunhu zvakabatana nemitemo yezvekushongedzaZvikuru, kuburikidza nechikamu chechipiri cheRoyal Decree 1599/1997. Spanish Agency for Medicines and Health Products (AEMPS) ine basa rekupa mvumo kuinki, ichiongorora maumbirwo ayo zvichienderana nezvinodiwa neDare reEurope neEU.
Pamusoro pezvo, kune nhungamiro dzematunhu nematunhu dzinosimbisa Zvinodiwa zvishoma zvekugadzira ma tattoo nezvigadzirwa zvekuzora zvechigarireMamiriro ehutsanana, kudzidziswa kwevashandi, kushandiswa kwezvinhu zvakacheneswa kana zvinoraswa, kudzora hutano nekutarisira, nezvimwewo. Mamwe matunhu, akadai seCatalonia, ndiwo akatanga kugadzira mitemo yavo yakadzama, yakagadziriswa nguva pfupi yadarika kuti ienderane nemitemo mitsva yeEurope.
Mazano anoshanda usati watora tattoo
Tichifunga nezvezvose zviri pamusoro apa, kutora tattoo hakusi mutambo, kunyange hazvo kusingafaniri kutaurwa sekutya. Uku ndiko kugara uchisangana nemakemikari musanganiswa wezvinhu izvo, zvakanyanya, zvichiri kudzidzwa.Saka kuchenjera kuita sarudzo nepfungwa dzakapinza, kunyanya kana uine matambudziko eganda kana emuviri wako.
Kana uchirwara nezvirwere zvakaita se lupus, vitiligo, psoriasis, chirwere cheshuga, kana zvimwe zvirwere zvisingaperi zvinokanganisa kuporesa kana masoja emuviriZvinokurudzirwa zvikuru kutaura nachiremba wako usati watora tattoo. Kukwezva ganda remunzvimbo yako uye kuvapo kwemavara ekunze kunogona kuwedzera maronda kana kukonzera kubuda kweganda mune vamwe vanhu.
Kusarudza nzvimbo chaiyo yemuviri kwakakoshawo. Ganda harina ukobvu hwakafanana kwese kwese, asi hurefu hwejekiseni hunowanzo fanana. Munzvimbo dziri pedyo netsinga dzakakosha, majoini, kana kuti dzine nyama diki dziri pakati pedermis nehypodermis Izvi zvinowedzera njodzi yekunyura zvakanyanya kana kukonzera kusagadzikana kusingaperi. Nyanzvi yekunyora matattoo ine ruzivo inokwanisa kukupa mazano panyaya iyi.
Nezve inki pachayo, zvakakosha kubvunza kuti ndeapi marudzi anoshandiswa, kana akatenderwa neAEMPS kana nevakuru vekuEurope, uye Iva nechokwadi chekuti paki yacho yakavhurwa pamberi pako, ine zuva rinonzwisisika uye nhamba yebatch.Izvi zvinoshandawo kune tsono nezvimwe zvinhu: zvinofanirwa kushandiswa kamwe chete kana kucheneswa hutachiona zvichienderana nemitemo.
Mushure mekunyorwa tattoo, kutarisira nzvimbo yacho kwakakosha: tevera mirairo yekurapaDzivisa kukwenya, deredza kupiswa nezuva, uye isa mafuta ekudzivirira zuva. ganda parinotanga kuoneka. Pamusoro pekubatsira kuti tattoo ichembere zviri nani, matanho aya anoderedza kukurumidza kuora kwemavara uye kugadzirwa kwezvinhu zvinokonzera oxidizing zvinogona kutsamwisa nzvimbo yacho.
Kazhinji, inki ye tattoo musanganiswa wakaoma umo Pigments dzeorganic neinorganic, solvents, binders, fillers uye preservatives zvinosanganiswa, pamwe netsvina inowanzobva mukushandiswa kwemaindasitiri kare.Kunyangwe paine kufambira mberi kwakakosha mukuchengetedzeka zvichienzaniswa neinki dzekare dzakazadzwa nemercury kana cadmium, ruzivo rwemitemo nesainzi ruchiri shure kwekufarirwa kwematattoo, saka kusarudza studio yakakodzera, inki, uye nzvimbo yemuviri ndiyo nzira yakanakisisa yekunakidzwa nehunyanzvi hweganda pasina njodzi inobvira.
