Muchinyorwa chino uchawana a Gwaro rakakwana rematattoo eoni uye hukama hwawo netsika dzechiJapanChii chinonzi oni, chinosiyana sei nezvimwe zvinhu zvemadhimoni zvakaita sechifukidzo cheHannya, zvinorevei kana tattoo yanyorwa, nei yave yakakosha kumafia ekuJapan, ndeapi maitiro aripo, uye inoenderana sei ne irezumi universe pamwe chete nemadhiragoni, koi, tengu, uye kitsune? Kana uchikwezvwa nerima iri, dziviriro, uye zvemweya, hezvino zvese zvaunoda kuziva usati waiswa inki.
Chii chinonzi oni mungano dzechiJapan?
Mungano dzechiJapan, oni ndeimwe yemhando dze madhimoni anozivikanwa uye anotyiwa zvikuru muzvitsuwa zvoseInowanzotsanangurwa semhando yemhuka hombe kana kuti troll, ine muviri wakaita semunhu asi ine mativi maviri: nyanga mbiri dzinooneka, maziso akatumbuka, nzara refu, mazino akabudikira, uye simba guru.
Ganda ravo rinowanzo ratidzwa se mavara anoyevedza zvikuru akadai setsvuku, bhuruu, kana giriniDzimwe nguva yakafukidzwa nejira reganda rengwe kana zvipfeko zvechivanhu. Kubva kunzvimbo imwe kuenda kune imwe, chitarisiko cheoni chinochinja: inogona kunge iine minwe yakawanda kana shoma, yakaita seyemhuka kana kuti ine chimiro chemunhu, uye kunyange saizi yayo nechimiro chayo zvinogona kusiyana zvichienderana nengano dzemuno.
Mumifananidzo yekare yemifananidzo yechiJapan, anowanzoonekwa akatakura kanabōTsvimbo huru kana kuti chikwambo chine simbi dzakapinza, chiratidzo chehutsinye hwake nesimba rake rekuparadza. Nayo anotambudza, anoranga, kana kudimbura nhengo dzemuviri dzevaya vaanoda, chimwe chinhu chamuita munhu anodzokororwa mumifananidzo, mifananidzo yeukiyo-e, uye, mazuva ano, matattoo eirezumi.
Kunyangwe tichizvibatanidza nechikara chehero, izwi rekutanga rekuti "oni" (鬼) raingoreva mweya kana chinhu chisingaonekiMumazana emakore, izwi iri rakava rakanyanya kushandiswa kureva madhimoni makuru aya ane chekuita nematambudziko, zvirwere, uye chisimba, richitorawo pesvedzero kubva kumadhimoni echiChinese neechiHindu, akadai semaRaksasa.
Ogre, dhimoni, mweya: mavambo nekushanduka-shanduka kweoni
Mufananidzo weoni watinoziva nhasi uno se dhimoni reJapan rine hutsinye uye rine nyota yeropa Zvaisagara zvakadaro nguva dzose. Mungano dzekare, kwaive nenyaya dzemidzimu mikuru ine mutsa yaigara mumakomo ichidzivirira vanhu kubva kune zvakaipa. Nekusvika nekupararira kweBuddhism, zvinhu izvi zvakazadza gehena reBuddha, Jigoku, uye basa rayo rakavanzwa.
Magwaro echiBuddha anotsanangura kuti madhimoni aya anoshanda sei Enma-daio, mambo wegehena...kutora kutambudzwa kwemweya inotadza. Zvinonziwo kana munhu akaita zvakaipa zvikuru, mushure mekufa anogona kuberekwazve semunhu anoranga kana kutambudza vamwe, achidya nyama yevanhu uye achidyara zvirwere nenjodzi.
Zvisinei, oni haisati yambova munhu ane divi rimwe chete. Nyaya dzakawanda dzinotaura kuti vamwe vavo, pasinei nehutsinye hwavo, vanogona kuva... vadziviriri vevamwari (kami) kana kunyange vevanhu Kana vachiremekedzwa, vachikudzwa, kana kuti vachiitwa mamwe maitiro. Kusawirirana uku pakati pechikara nemuchengeti ndiko kunoita kuti chiratidzo chavo paganda chive chinonakidza.
Nekufamba kwenguva, oni yakatangawo kubatana ne kuchamhembe kwakadziva kumabvazuva, kunozivikanwa sekimonNzvimbo iyi, inoonekwa se "gedhi remadhimoni" uye nzvimbo ine rombo rakaipa muJapan, ine hukama nechiratidzo cheox-tiger chezodiac yeChinese, saka oni inogara nhaka hunhu hwemhuka idzi: nyanga, nzara, uye ganda retiger.
Oni naHannya: musiyano uripo pakati pemadhimoni nemasiki
Zvakajairika kusanganisa mufananidzo weoni newakakurumbira Hannya mask kubva kuNō theatreKunyanya kana tichitaura nezvematattoo. Pakutanga anotaridzika zvakafanana: chiso chemadhimoni, nyanga, chimiro chehasha, mazino akapinza… asi muchokwadi anomiririra zvinhu zvakasiyana kwazvo mutsika dzechiJapan.
Chifukidzo cheHannya chinomiririra mukadzi akashandurwa kuita dhimoni nekuda kwegodo, kuda kuzorora uye kugumbukaInoberekwa nekutambura kwevanhu kwakatorwa zvakanyanya, kubva munyaya yerudo yakamonyana. Kune rumwe rutivi, Oni havasi vanhu vanongotungamirirwa nemanzwiro avo: zvisikwa zvakapinda mumadhimoni kana midzimu iyo yava yemunyika isingaoneki.
MuNoh theatre, vatambi vanopfeka mamasiki eHannya kuratidza vatambi vechikadzi vane madhimoni, nepo oni ichionekwa nerudzi rwakasiyana rwemasiki kana makeup kana ichiratidza mweya yakaipa yekare, inoranga, uye ine chisimba. Musiyano uyu mumavambo unoratidzwawo muzvinoreva tattoo.
Kunyange zvazvo tattoo yaHannya ichiwanzotaura nezvayo godo, shungu, kutengeswa, chishuwo, uye kutambura mukatiKune rumwe rutivi, tattoo yeoni inonongedzera zvakanyanya kusimba rinoparadza, kururamisira kwakasimba, kurangwa kwezvakaipa, kana kugona kutarisana nezvikara zvako. Kunyangwe zvakadaro, zvakajairika kuona magadzirirwo apo vanhu vese vari vaviri vanotaurirana nyaya dzakaoma.
Huviri hwe oni: pakati pekutyisidzira nemuchengeti
Chimwe chezvinhu zvinonakidza nezve oni ndechekuti, pasinei nebasa rayo rekutyisa makomo uye kuuraya mweya, inogonawo kushanda se chiratidzo chekudzivirirwa nerombo rakanakaKuwirirana uku kunoonekwa mungano netsika dzakakurumbira.
Mumabhuku neunyanzvi, oni inounza nayo matambudziko, hondo, nzara, nenjodzi dzechisikigoChikara chinoonekwa kana chimwe chinhu chikafamba zvisina kunaka, chirango chezvivi zvevanhu. Zvisinei, nhoroondo dzakasiyana-siyana dzinotaura nezvevanhu vanova varindi vakavimbika pavanokundwa, vanoremekedzwa, kana kuti vanobatanidzwa mutemberi kana munharaunda.
Maonero iwayo akasiyana-siyana anopinda muhupenyu hwezuva nezuva kuburikidza tsika s setsubunMutambo uyu unoratidza kuchinja kwemwaka kuenda kuchirimo zvichienderana nekarenda remwedzi wekare. Panguva yemhemberero iyi, vanhu vazhinji vanopfeka mamasiki eoni uye vanoita tsika yekukanda soya vachishevedzera vachiti "Oni wa soto! Fuku wa uchi!" ("Kubuda nemadhimoni, kupinda nerombo rakanaka!").
Muchiitiko ichi, mufananidzo weoni, kunyange zvazvo uchiri muvengi wechinhu ichi, unova chinhu chinenge chemumba, kuvapo kwekufananidzira kunomiririra izvo zvatinoda kubvisa yedzimba dzedu nehupenyu hwedu. Uye, zvinoshamisa kuti chiso chake chinoshandiswa kudzivirira zvinhu zvakaipa uye kukwezva rombo rakanaka.
Zvinoreva chifukidzo cheoni netattoo
Masiki eOni anowanikwa kwete pamitambo chete, asiwo mu mitambo yemitambo, mitambo yevanhu netsika dzechitenderoAnoshandiswa kuratidza madhimoni aya muzviitiko apo anomiririra huipi hunofanira kurwiswa kana simba rinofanira kudzorwa uye kudzorwa.
MuNoh theatre nemitambo yechivanhu, kuratidzwa kwemamasiki eOni kutaura kunotyisa zvikuruTsiye dzakapinza, muromo wakashama unoburitsa mazino, maziso anobaya, uye nyanga dzakapinza. Zvese zvakagadzirirwa kufadza, kutyisidzira, uye kuyeuchidza vateereri kuti vari kutarisana nesimba risinganzwisiswi nevanhu.
Kana mufananidzo iwoyo ukasvetukira paganda se tattoo, oni inowana zvayaireva. Kune rumwe rutivi, inoramba iri munhu ane chekuita nenyonganyonga, mhirizhonga, uye rombo rakaipaKune rumwe rutivi, inoshanda sechishongo chinodzivirira chinotora basa iroro rechisimba rekudzivirira njodzi dzekunze.
Vanhu vazhinji vanowana tattoo yeOni senzira yekuzvitora kuti vatarisane nekutya kwavo nemadhimoni avo emukatikana kuti sechiyeuchidzo chekuti vakakunda nguva dzakaoma muhupenyu hwavo. Vamwe vanozviona semuchengeti wavo wepamoyo unoratidza simba, ushingi, mweya usingakundiki, uye kugona kuranga kusaruramisira.
Oni munyika yetsika dzekutema tattoo dzechiJapan (irezumi)
Mukati menyika yeirezumi, dhimoni reoni rine nzvimbo yakasarudzika pamwe chete nevanhu vakaita se Dhiragoni yekuJapan, koi carp, hou-ou phoenix, tiger, kana cherry flowerDzose dzinoumba mutauro wakapfuma kwazvo wekuona, uzere nezviratidzo, unodzokera kumashure kwemazana emakore munhoroondo.
Kunyora matattoo echinyakare ekuJapan kwakagara kwakabatana ne kurangwa nechisimba uye kudzvinyirirwa munharaundaMunguva yeEdo, matsotsi mazhinji aiiswa matattoo pahuma dzavo kana mumaoko kuratidza mhosva dzavo. Gare gare, irezumi akatanga kushamwaridzana zvakanyanya neyakuza, avo vakatora matattoo emuviri mukuru sechiratidzo chekuzivikanwa, kuvimbika, uye kutsungirira kurwadziwa.
Muchirevo ichocho, oni inoenderana zvakakwana ne hupenyu hune njodzi, hwechisimba uye hwakanyorwa hwemafia ekuJapanHazvisi tsaona kuti maYakuza mazhinji aipfeka (uye anoramba achipfeka) madhimoni eoni sechiratidzo chekuremekedza tsika dzakaoma dzekuremekedza, kuda kurangwa, uye kusaremekedza kutya.
Pasinei nezvakaitika kare, irezumi yave kubvisa zvishoma nezvishoma rusaruro rwayo rweutsotsi, kunyanya pakati pevechidiki nevekunze kweJapan. Oni yave chinhu chinozivikanwa pasi rose, asi ichiri nepfungwa dzayo dzepakutanga. huremu hwetsika nehwemweya hwakabatana zvakanyanya nengano dzeJapan.
Maitiro etattoo eOni: kubva pachinyakare kusvika kune minimalist
Oni iyi inokwanisa kududzirwa nenzira dzakawanda dzinoonekwa mukunyora matattoo. Muchimiro chechiJapan chekare, inomiririrwa ne mitsetse yakasimba, mavara akasimba, uye maumbirwo anochinja-chinja, pamwe chete nemafungu, makore, maruva epeony, chrysanthemums kana zvimwe zvinhu zvakaita se katanas nemadhiramu.
Munzira chaiyo, mugadziri wematattoo anotsvaga kuunza paganda magadzirirwo eganda redhimoni, mimvuri yakadzika yechiso chake, uye kusimba kwemaziso akeMaitiro aya anosimbisa hutsinye, zvichiita kuti oni iite sechisikwa chipenyu chiri kubuda mumuviri.
Chikafu chemazuva ano chekuJapan chinosanganisa hwaro hwe irezumi ne ruvara, vhoriyamu uye magadzirirwo azvino unoPano oni inogona kubatanidzwa nezvinhu zvemazuva ano, mamiriro ekunze asina kujairika kana ruzivo rwemakomiki nemanga, zvichichengetedza hunhu hwedhimoni asi zvichiita kuti rinzwe sezvariri.
Kune vamwe vanotosarudza shanduro dzisina kunyanya kutaurwa zvakanyanya kana kuti dzine hunhu hushoma, dzine magadzirirwo akachena, mavara mashoma, kana inki nhema cheteKuderedza oni kuita chimiro chayo chakakosha: nyanga, maziso, mazino, uye kutaridzika kwakasimba. Maitiro aya akanakira avo vanoda chiratidzo chisina tattoo hombe, yemuviri wese.
Iyo oni iri mukati meimba huru yeyokai
Chisikwa ichi hachisi chega chiri mukufungidzira kwezvisikwa zvepasi rose kweJapan. yokai, zvisikwa zvinoshamisa, midzimu nezvikara iyo yakazara mungano dzechiJapan uye, pamwe chete, ganda reavo vanoda maitiro eirezumi.
Pakati peaya mayokai tinowana, semuenzaniso, tenguChikwambo, chisikwa chaimbobatanidzwa neshiri dzinodya nyama, nekufamba kwenguva chakava nechiso chemunhu chitsvuku chine mhino refu kwazvo. Chisikwa chinobatanidzwa nehondo, kuparadza, pamwe nenyika yesamurai, uye chifukidzo chayo chinowanzo nyorwa nemavara matsvuku.
Imwe yokai ine njodzi ndiyo kappaKamba yemurwizi, chisikwa chinogara mumvura nepanyika chakafanana nekamba ine bipedal ine musoro wakaita sekapu yemvura, ndiyo inokonzera kunyura mumvura, kurwiswa kwevana, uye kurwiswa munzizi. Zvinofadza kuti inomiririrawo goho rakanaka uye inofarira kurwa nesumo, zvichiita kuti ive chinhu chinoshamisa chekunyora matattoo.
Kunewo mifananidzo yakaita se Fujin uye RaijinVamwari vemhepo nemabhanan'ana, zvichiteerana, vanoratidzwa mumifananidzo semwari oni, mumwe wegirini kana bhuruu akatakura saga remhepo, uye mumwe ngoma dzvuku dzinorira kuti dziburitse madutu. Dzinowanzo kuwanikwa pamisana mikuru nedumbu mukati meirezumi.
Zvimwe zvisikwa zvengano zvinoperekedza oni
Pamwe chete nemadhimoni aya, matattoo ekuJapan azere nezvisikwa zvechimeric zvakaita se kirin (musanganiswa wemhembwe, dhiragoni, hove, shumba, nenzombe), inoonekwa sechiratidzo cheramangwana rakanaka mushure mekuchema, kana kuti Baku, iyo inopedza hope dzinotyisa uye inoiswa mumaturusi pedyo nemubhedha kudzivirira hope.
ari kitsuneMakava, zvisikwa zvemashiripiti zvine miswe yakawanda, inyanzvi dzekunyengera, rudo, uye kushandisa simba rehupenyu. Anogona kuva nemutsa kana kuti ane njodzi zvikuru, uye mumatattoo, anoonekwa sevanonyengera uye senhume dzevamwari.
Chipfuwo chinoenderera mberi ne ushi-oni (zvikara zvemumvura zvine misoro yemombe), kasa-obake (maamburera emadhimoni akashandurwa kuita tsukumogami), jorogumo (madandemutande anotora chimiro chemukadzi kuti anyengere uye adye varume) kana yurei (Zvipoko zvine chitarisiko chekare: mbatya chena, bvudzi refu dema, uye miviri inoyangarara).
Vese vanogovana nemusanganiswa we kutya, kusetsa, tsika dzakanaka uye kufadza izvo zvinoratidza ngano dzechiJapan. Hazvishamisi kuona matattoo makuru apo mayokai akawanda anodyidzana, achitaura nyaya dzakazara pamaoko, musana, kana miviri yese.
Oni nedzimwe mifananidzo ye irezumi
Kuti unzwisise zvizere huremu hweoni paganda, zvinobatsira kuhuona kana huchienzaniswa nedzimwe mifananidzo yekare yematattoo echiJapan izvo zvinowanzobatanidzwa nazvo muzvidimbu zvikuru.
Pakati pezvinozivikanwa pane iyo Dhiragoni yekuJapan (ryu), inobatanidzwa neuchenjeri, dziviriro, uye kugona kwemamiriro ekunze; koi carp, chiratidzo chekutsungirira, ushingi, uye kugona kukunda matambudziko nekushambira uchipesana nemhepo; uye Phoenix Hou-ou, yakabatana neimba yeumambo, kururamisira nekutanga kutsva.
ari geisha Zvinoonekwa semufananidzo weunyanzvi, hunyanzvi, uye runako rwechinyakare; komainu kana imbwa dzeshumba dzinochengetedza dzinonyorwa nyora sezvitumwa zveushingi nekudzivirira temberi; nepo imbwa dzeshumba dziri maruva echerry (sakura) Dzinomiririra hunhu hweupenyu hupfupi uye kukosha kwekunakidzwa nehupenyu hwazvino.
Pamwe chete navo, mapeoni (doro) Ndivo "mambokadzi wemaruva," vanobatanidzwa nemachinda, pfuma, uye rombo rakanaka, uye vanowanzo kuwanikwa vakakomberedza madhimoni nembwa dzefoo pamisana mikuru yeirezumi. Hazvishamisi kuona oni yakakomberedzwa nemapeoni kana sakura, ichienzanisa hutsinye nerunako.
Oni uye chiono chemazuva ano chekutema tattoo muJapan
Kunyangwe muJapan kunyora matattoo kwave kwakabatana zvakanyanya nemhosva nekusarurwa kwemazana emakore, chokwadi chiripo parizvino chakanyanya kujeka. Vechidiki vazhinji vanowana irezumi kuburikidza manga, anime nemitambo yemavhidhiyoapo oni nevamwe yokai vanogara vachionekwa sevakaipa, vabatsiri, kana kuti madimikira erutivi rwerima rwevanhu nerwe ngirozi nemadhimoni.
Series senge Dhimoni muurayi Vatambi vakaita sedhimoni Akuma mumitambo yekurwira vakabatsira mukuita kuti runako rweOni ruve rwepasi rose, zvichiwedzera kufarira matattoo akafuridzirwa nedhimoni iri pasi rose. Panguva imwe chete, muJapan, kuchine dzimba dzekugezera dzevanhu vose, magym, nedzimwe nzvimbo uko matattoo asingatenderwi kana kuti anorambidzwa zvachose.
Mhedzisiro yacho ndeyekuti tattoo yeoni yave rudzi rwe chirevo chezvinangwaAvo vanoipfeka vanowanzoziva kukosha kwayo munhoroondo uye simba rayo rekuona, uye vanosarudza kushandisa chiratidzo ichi, chine rima uye chinodzivirira. Hazvisi zvekungotevedzera yakuza chete, asi nezvekuvaka nyaya yemunhu pachake achishandisa nhaka yese iyoyo yetsika.
Kupfuura mafambiro, oni inoramba ichiratidza chimwe chinhu chakadzama: pfungwa yekuti munhu wega wega anogara nemadhimoni akeUye kuti kuvatarisana navo zvakananga kunogona kuvachinja kuita shamwari nevanochengeta. Kuzvinyora paganda rako inzira huru yekuita kuti hondo iyoyo ionekwe.
Nyika yese iyi yakakomberedza tattoo yeoni—kubva payakatanga semweya wegomo kusvika pabasa rayo sedhimoni rinoranga, muchengeti asingazivikanwe, chiratidzo cheyakuza, uye gamba guru reIrezumi pamwe chete nemadhiragoni, koi, kitsune, kana mamasiki eNoh—inotsanangura kuti nei ichiramba iri dhizaini inotsvakwa: nekuti inoungana zvakanyanya kuita mufananidzo mumwe chete. kutya nedziviriro, kuparadzwa neruramisiro, rima nesimba remukatikushandura ganda kuita nhanho apo ngano dzechiJapan dzichiri kurarama uye dzichirwadza.
