Mufananidzo weiyo korona yelaurel se tattoo Yave chiratidzo chine simba kune avo vanoda kupfeka pfungwa yekukunda, kukudzwa, uye kubudirira kwavo pachavo paganda ravo. Haisi chishongo chiri nyore: shure kwemashizha aya marefu, akanaka kune tsika yekare inobatanidza ngano dzekare, dzidzo, mitambo, uye kunyange magadzirirwo emazuva ano.
Kana iwe uri kufunga nezve kutora a tattoo yeruvara rwelaurel Ungave uchingofarira chiratidzo chayo kana kuti kwete, zvakakosha kunzwisisa mavambo emufananidzo uyu uye kuti nei wagara uchibatanidzwa nembiri, kunaka, uye mukurumbira. Kunzwisisa mavambo awo, kushanduka-shanduka, uye mashandisirwo awo mutsika dzakasiyana-siyana kuchakubatsira kusarudza dhizaini yakanakisisa uye kunakidzwa nerevo yaunenge wanyora paganda rako zvakanyanya.
Kwakatangira ngano yekorona yelaurel: Daphne, Apollo naEros
Nyaya inozivikanwa zvikuru pamusoro pe kuzvarwa kwemurevhisi kwekufananidzira Inotangira mungano dzechiGiriki nedzechiRoma, uye vanyori vayo vakuru ndiDaphne, mwari anonzi Apollo, uye Eros ane hutsinye, mwari werudo. Zvese zvinotanga apo Apollo, achidada nezvake nehunyanzvi hwake semupfuri wemiseve, anoseka miseve yaEros yerudo, achishora simba rake.
Agumburwa nekuzvikudza kwaApollo, Eros anosarudza kumudzidzisa chidzidzo achishandisa chaizvo izvo mwari aizvirumbidza nazvo: miseve yemashiripitiAnopfura Apollo nemuseve wegoridhe, izvo zvinokonzera rudo rwepakarepo uye rusingadzoreki kumunhu wekutanga waanoona. Panguva imwe chete, anopfura mumwe museve, panguva ino we lead, kuna nymph Daphne, izvo zvinoburitsa mhedzisiro yakapesana: ruvengo rwakadzama kurudo uye, kunyanya, kuna Apollo.
Apollo paakasangana naDaphne, anova pakarepo akatorwa mwoyo nayeKunyange zvazvo nymph ichingonzwa kuda kutiza chete, inomutevera iine chido, uye musikana wacho anomhanya achida kutiza, asina kunzwa saizvozvo zvachose. Chiitiko ichi chinotyisa, umo chishuwo chaApollo chinorwisana nekusada kwaDaphne.
Aneta uye asina nzira yekutiza, Daphne anokumbira rubatsiro kuna baba vake, mwari werwizi Ladon. Iye, achimunzwira tsitsi, anosarudza kumuponesa nekumuchinja kuita laurel mutiApollo paanenge ava kuda kusvika kwaari, muviri weshiri unotanga kuomarara woshanduka kuita makwati; tsoka dzake dzinonyura muvhu, dzichiva midzi, uye bvudzi rake rinoshanduka kuita matavi akafukidzwa nemashizha emuorivhi.
Apollo, arwadziwa nezvakaitika, akambundira hunde yemuti mutsva ndokuchema. Asingakwanise kuva naDaphne semumwe wake, akataura kuti, kubva panguva iyoyo zvichienda mberi, muti wavo mutsvene uchava laurelInovimbisa kuti mashizha ayo anogara aripo achashandiswa kushongedza misoro yeavo vanokunda uye vanoita zvinhu zvikuru, nokudaro ichivimbisa kuti ndangariro yaDaphne inogara yakabatana nekubwinya nekukudzwa.
Chikamu chino, chakarondedzerwa naOvid mubasa rake rakakurumbira rinonzi "Metamorphoses," chinotsanangura kuti sei laurel ichibatanidzwa nekubudirira uye chinoshandura korona yelaurel muchiratidzo chaApolloNyaya iyi inobatanidza rudo rusingadzorerwi, kuzvipira, uye rusununguko, zvichipa chirevo chakadzama kune chiratidzo icho vazhinji vanosarudza kunyorwa nyora nhasi.
Chishongo cheLaurel muAntiquity: kukunda, kubwinya uye mukurumbira
Kubva panguva dzekare, korona yemaruva emutambo wekubudirira Yakava chishongo chekukudzwa kwepamusoro-soro. Munyika yeGirisi neRoma, yaishandiswa kupa mubayiro kune vaikunda mumakwikwi emitambo, vakuru vemauto vaikunda, nevanhu vainge vabudirira zvikuru muhupenyu hweveruzhinji kana hwemauto.
Mumitambo mikuru nemakwikwi, akadai semitambo yemitambo, korona yelaurel yairatidza kwete chete chiito chekukunda, asiwo pfungwa yekuve kuzivikanwa pachena nekuda kwekushanda nesimba uye kugona. Korona, yakagadzirwa nematavi akarukwa, yakaiswa mumusoro sekorona, ichiratidza pachena kuti ndiani akanga asiyana nevamwe.
Kushandiswa uku kwakanga kusiri kwemitambo chete. Muhondo, mamwe marudzi emaruva emaruva—kusanganisira maruva elaurel—akapihwa se zvishongo zverukudzo kumasoja kana vatungamiriri vemauto vakaratidza ushingi hwakakura kana kuponesa hupenyu. Nekufamba kwenguva, mhando yese yemaruva echinyakare yakatanga ine zvainoreva, zvimwe zvisingawanzoitiki uye zvinokosha.
Kutaura zvazviri, nyanzvi dzekare, dzakadai saAnthony Rich, dzakanyora zvakadzama nezvemhando idzi dzekare mumabhuku ekuongorora nezve Zvinhu zvekare zvechiGiriki neRomaPakati pemakorona akasiyana-siyana ekukudzwa aivapo, korona yelaurel yakawana kukosha kukuru nekuda kwekubatana kwayo naApollo uye nekuva chiratidzo chekukunda.
Nhaka iyi yese yenhoroondo inotsanangura kuti sei nhasi, patinofunga nezveruvara rwemuti welaurel, tinowanzozvibatanidza ne pfungwa yekukunda uye kunakaKutora tattoo nemufananidzo uyu kunoenderana netsika yekare, izere nekuzivikanwa nekukudzwa.
Chishongo cheLaurel nenyika yezvedzidzo: kubva ku "vaya vakahwina" kusvika kumhemberero dziripo iye zvino
Kwemazana emakore, the Chishongo chemaruva chakasvetuka kubva munhandare nepanhandare yehondo kusvika kunyika yeruzivo netsika. Yakatanga kushandiswa sechiratidzo cheuchenjeri, kugona kwepfungwa, uye kugona kwedzidzo, kusvika pakupa matauriro atichiri kushandisa nanhasi.
Imwe yeinonyanya kuzivikanwa ndeye "mudetembi wenhetembo"Zita iri rinoshandiswa kuvanyori vakazivikanwa zviri pamutemo nebasa ravo, avo pakutanga vaimiririrwa nekorona yelaurel. Kuva "mukundi" zvinoreva kuzivikanwa netarenda rako, rudzi rwemenduru yekufananidzira yekugadzira uye hunyanzvi hwekunyora.
Muenzaniso wekare ndewaDante Alighieri, munhu akakosha mumabhuku echiItalian ekare. Dante anoonekwa mumifananidzo yakawanda uye mifananidzo yezvifananidzo. akapfeka korona yeruvara rwelaurelzvichiratidza chinzvimbo chake semunyori mukuru wenhetembo uye mufungi. Mufananidzo uyu wakadzika midzi mukufungidzira kwevanhu vose sewemunyori ane mukurumbira, akashongedzerwa nebasa rake.
Mune dzimwe nyika, tsika iyi yatopfuura zvekufananidzira uye yakabatanidzwa mumitambo yemayunivhesiti. Mumayunivhesiti akasiyana-siyana muEurope nepasi rose, Chishongo cheruvara rwelaurel chinoshandiswa sechiratidzo yeavo vakasvika padanho repamusoro kana kuti vakakwanisa kudzidziswa zvakanyanya mune mamwe madhigirii.
Saka, mune dzimwe nzira dzedzidzo, vechidiki vanopedza zvidzidzo zvavo vanogashirwa korona yelaurel panguva yemhemberero yekupedza kudzidza, sekurangarira kwavo kushanda nesimba uye kuzvipiraHazvisi zvekushongedza chete, asi zvinotsigira tsika dzekare: sekunge vatambi kana majenerali vaipfekedzwa korona nekuda kwemabasa avo, vadzidzi vano "pfekedzwa korona" nekuda kwekubudirira kwavo muhungwaru.
Korona yemaruva emuorivhi sechiratidzo chebasa nekuzvipira
Kupfuura kubatana kwayo nekukunda nekukudzwa, korona yelaurel yakabatanidzwawo mumamiriro ezvinhu apo pfungwa ye basa uye kuzvipira nguva dzoseMuenzaniso chaiwo unogona kuwanikwa mukurongwa kweBoy Scouts vekuUnited States.
Mukati mesangano iri, mune chinonzi "korona yebasa"iyo inoonekwa pazvigamba zvese zvemakomisheni. Haisi kungoshongedzwa chete, asi chiratidzo chinomiririra basa rinoitwa nenhengo idzi kutsigira zvikwata zvakasiyana-siyana uye kuchengetedza kushandira pamwe pakati pevanozvipira nenyanzvi.
Korona yebasa inomiririra kuzvipira kuchirongwa chevasori uye rutsigiro rwuripo rwemayuniti emunharaunda. Nekushandisa chimiro chemaruva emuchindwe, maBoy Scouts anobatanidza pfungwa yekare yekukudzwa nepfungwa yemazuva ano yekuzvipira, kushanda pamwe chete, uye kutsigira vamwe.
Kushandiswa uku kunoratidza kuti laurel inogona kufananidzira kwete kukunda chete mupfungwa yemakwikwi, asiwo kuzivikanwa kwe nzira yekuedza chinyararire, yevanhu vanochengetedza zvivakwa nemapurojekiti vasingatsvage mukurumbira.
Kubva pamatombo emarble kusvika paganda: korona yelaurel muunyanzvi, mapurani uye dhizaini
Chiratidzo cheruvara rwelaurel chakasiya chiratidzo chakadzama paunyanzvi hwekuona nekugadzira. Mukuvaka, fenicha, uye kushongedza, korona yeruvara rwelaurel yakavezwa Ipfungwa inodzokororwa yagara iripo kwemazana emakore, kunyanya muzvitaera zvinoratidzwa netsika dzechinyakare uye runako rwepamutemo.
Muzvivakwa zvemazuva ano, zvakajairika kuwana maruva emuti welaurel akavezwa mumatombo pamatombo akakangwa, mapendekete, mapendekete, kana zvinhu zvekushongedza zvemukati. Robert Adam Munyika yeAnglo-Saxon, Federal Style muUnited States, Regency style, French Directory, kana kuti great current yeFine Arts, inosanganisira iyi motif sechiratidzo chekukudzwa, kunatswa, uye kureva Antiquity.
Unyanzvi
Mubasa reunyanzvi hwekushongedza nemidziyo, korona yelaurel inowanzoshandiswa se chishongo chakaiswa kana marquetryMuchimiro chehumambo, chakabatana zvakanyanya nepfungwa dzeNapoleonic uye kukwidziridzwa kwesimba, chinenge chiratidzo chinodzokororwa: chinoonekwa mumachira, machira ekupenda, matanda akavezwa, simbi nezvimwe zvinhu zveumbozha.
Indasitiri yemachira nemafashoni yakagamuchirawo korona yemaruva emuchena sechiratidzo chayo chakasimba. Imwe yemienzaniso inozivikanwa zvikuru imhando yekuBritain Fred Perry, yakavambwa nemutambi wetenesi ane mukurumbira ane zita rimwe chete muma1950. Chiratidzo chayo, chakavakirwa pajira reruvara rwelaurel, chakasarudzwa nekuda kwekubatana kwayo nepfungwa yekukunda mumutambo.
Logo iyi yaipfekwa nevanhu vakasiyana-siyana se John F. Kennedy kana mabhendi erock akaita seThe Who, uye nekufamba kwenguva yakatorwa nemadzinza akasiyana emumaguta, kazhinji aine pfungwa dzinopesana, avo vakashandurazve laurel sechiratidzo che simba, kukunda, kana kutotonga kweumamboZvakare, motif imwe chete inosiyana zvichienderana nekuti ndiani anoipfeka uye nechinangwa chipi.
Munyika yemotokari, korona yelaurel yawanawo nzvimbo yayo. Rudzi rwemotokari Alfa Romeo Alfa Romeo yakaisa korona yelaurel muchiratidzo chayo mushure mekukunda World Automobile Championship yekutanga muna 1925 neAlfa Romeo P2. Kubva ipapo, korona iyoyo yave ichiratidza kudada nekubudirira kwenhoroondo uye kubatana nemakwikwi nekushanda zvakanaka.
Kunyangwe masangano epasi rose akaita seUN akashandisa mufananidzo wemapazi elaurel muchiratidzo chavo, zvichisimbisa pfungwa yekuti chiratidzo ichi hachingomiriri kukunda chete, asiwo Rugare, tariro, uye kuzivikanwa pasi rose.
Mhando dzakasiyana dzekorona dzekuremekedza mutsika dzekare
Munyika yeGirisi neRoma, pakanga pasina korona imwe chete yekufananidzira. Korona yeruvara rwelaurel yaiva imwe yedzakakosha zvikuru, asi yaizivikanwa nevamwe. maruva emiti nemaruva ehurumendechimwe nechimwe chine zvachinoreva uye chakabatana nezvakanaka zvakasiyana.
Pakati pezvakanyanya kuzivikanwa paive korona yemuorivhiMuti wemuorivhi, wairemekedzwa kuvaGiriki, wainyanya kushandiswa mumamiriro ezvinhu akadai seMitambo yeOlympic yekare. Waimiririra rugare, uchenjeri, nekukudzwa, uye matavi awo akarukwa aishongedza avo vaizvisiyanisa sevakundi mumakwikwi aya.
La korona yevagari vemo
Yakapihwa sechiratidzo chevagari vakaponesa hupenyu hwevamwe vagari vemo kana kuti vakabatsira zvikuru nharaunda. Yaiva nepfungwa yeushingi hweveruzhinji, husina chekuita nehondo, asi nekuchengetedzwa uye zvakanakira vanhu vose.
La korona yeuswa
Yaiva imwe yezvishongo zvisingawanzoonekwi uye zvine mukurumbira. Yakagadzirwa kubva muuswa hwakaunganidzwa zvakananga kubva kuhondo, yakapihwa kune avo vakaponesa uto rose kana region, uye yaimiririra nhanho ye kukosha kunenge kwenganoKusawanikwa kwayo kwaiita kuti ive yakasiyana zvikuru.
La korona yemadziro
Yakapa mubairo kumasoja ekutanga akakwanisa kukwira masvingo evavengi panguva yekukombwa, ukuwo korona yegungwa Yakaona mabasa makuru muhondo dzemugungwa. Muzviitiko zvose izvi, dhizaini yekorona yairatidza rudzi rwebasa rakawanikwa, nezvinhu zvakafanana nemadziro kana makumbo echikepe.
Pakupedzisira, the Korona yeOlympic Yaive yakabatana zvakanyanya nevakundi vemakwikwi emitambo ane mukurumbira. Misiyano yese iyi inoratidza kuti, mutsika dzechinyakare, pfungwa ye "kugadzwa korona" yaive yakabatana zvikuru ne Rukudzo rweveruzhinji uye kuzivikanwa kweushingi kana kugona kuita zvakanaka munzvimbo dzakasiyana.
Izvi zvinosimbisa zvinoreva korona yemuti welaurel yatinoona nhasi mumatattoo, malogo, kana mabheji: chikamu chemhuri yakakura yezviratidzo zve kunaka, kukosha uye musiyanochimwe nechimwe chine hunhu hwacho.
Mazuva ano, kana mumwe munhu atora tattoo Laurel wreathInobatanidza nemazana emakore enhoroondo apo laurel yave ichinzi kukunda, uchenjeri, basa, uye mukurumbira mumamiriro ezvinhu akasiyana-siyana sengano, mitambo, dzidzo, hunyanzvi, uye dhizaini. Kunzwisisa rwendo urwu rwese kunoita kuti mufananidzo mudiki wemashizha akabatana usangove chishongo chete, asi kuzivisa kwepedyo kwekukunda matambudziko, kudada, uye kutsvaga kugona kwemunhu.